By deepseek
Yes, of course. The word “دِيَارِهِمْ” (diyārihim) appears in the Quran in several verses, all carrying the meaning of “their homes” or “their dwellings.” The context is often about migration (Hijrah), exile, or being driven out from one’s homeland.
Here are the key verses, along with translation and a concise tafseer (interpretation):
- Surah Al-Hashr (59:2)
Arabic:
هُوَ الَّذِي أَخْرَجَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا مِنْ أَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ مِن دِيَارِهِمْ لِأَوَّلِ الْحَشْرِ
Translation (Sahih International):
“He is the One Who drove out the disbelievers among the People of the Scripture from their homes at the first gathering.”
Tafseer (Interpretation):
· Context: This verse refers to the Banu Nadhir, a Jewish tribe in Medina that breached its treaty with the Muslims and conspired with the enemies. As a consequence, they were besieged and eventually exiled from Medina.
· Key Points: The word “diyārihim” here signifies their fortified homes and settlements in the oasis of Medina. The “first gathering” refers to this first major expulsion in Islamic history. The tafseer emphasizes that it was Allah’s decree and power that caused their exile, not merely the Muslim army’s strength. It serves as a lesson on the consequences of betrayal and hostility against the Muslim community.
- Surah Al-Hashr (59:8)
Arabic:
لِلْفُقَرَاءِ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ الَّذِينَ أُخْرِجُوا مِن دِيَارِهِمْ وَأَمْوَالِهِمْ يَبْتَغُونَ فَضْلًا مِّنَ اللَّهِ وَرِضْوَانًا
Translation (Sahih International):
“[It is] for the poor emigrants who were expelled from their homes and their properties, seeking bounty from Allah and [His] pleasure.”
Tafseer (Interpretation):
· Context: This verse discusses the distribution of fay’ (spoils gained without battle, like from Banu Nadhir). It prioritizes the Muhajireen (the Emigrants).
· Key Points: “Diyārihim” here carries deep emotional and material weight. It refers to the homes and entire city of Mecca that the early Muslims were forced to abandon due to persecution. They left not for personal gain, but “seeking Allah’s bounty and pleasure.” The verse highlights their immense sacrifice and establishes their right to financial support in their new home (Medina).
- Surah Al-Ahzab (33:26-27)
Arabic (Verse 26):
وَأَنزَلَ الَّذِينَ ظَاهَرُوهُم مِّنْ أَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ مِن صَيَاصِيهِمْ وَقَذَفَ فِي قُلُوبِهِمُ الرُّعْبَ فَرِيقًا تَقْتُلُونَ وَتَأْسِرُونَ فَرِيقًا
وَأَوْرَثَكُمْ أَرْضَهُمْ وَدِيَارَهُمْ وَأَمْوَالَهُمْ وَأَرْضًا لَّمْ تَطَئُوهَا
Translation (Sahih International, v.27):
“And He caused you to inherit their land, their homes, their properties, and a land you have not trodden.”
Tafseer (Interpretation):
· Context: These verses describe the aftermath of the Battle of the Trench (Ahzab) and the subsequent dealing with the treasonous Banu Qurayzah.
· Key Points: After their defeat, the Muslims inherited the possessions of Banu Qurayzah. “Diyārihim” (their homes) is mentioned alongside their land and wealth as a bounty from Allah. The tafseer underscores that this inheritance was a divine grant and a just outcome for the Muslims who endured the siege and for the treachery of the other party.
- Surah Al-A’raf (7:137)
Arabic:
وَأَوْرَثْنَا الْقَوْمَ الَّذِينَ كَانُوا يُسْتَضْعَفُونَ مَشَارِقَ الْأَرْضِ وَمَغَارِبَهَا الَّتِي بَارَكْنَا فِيهَا وَتَمَّتْ كَلِمَتُ رَبِّكَ الْحُسْنَىٰ عَلَىٰ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ بِمَا صَبَرُوا ۖ وَدَمَّرْنَا مَا كَانَ يَصْنَعُ فِرْعَوْنُ وَقَوْمُهُ وَمَا كَانُوا يَعْرِشُونَ
Note: While the exact word “diyārihim” is not in this verse, it is directly related through the concept. The verse before it (7:136) says: “فَأَغْرَقْنَاهُمْ وَأَغْرَقْنَا مَا كَانُوا يَعْرِشُونَ” – “So We drowned them and destroyed what Pharaoh and his people were firming/erecting.” The verb “يَعْرِشُونَ” (ya’rishoon) means to erect or build, often referring to buildings and dwellings.
Tafseer (Link to “Diyar”):
· Context: This is about the Children of Israel inheriting the land of Pharaoh after their escape.
· Key Points: The destruction of what Pharaoh and his people were building (“مَا كَانُوا يَعْرِشُونَ”) includes their palaces, fortresses, and dwellings (diyar). This is the inverse of the previous theme: the dwellings of the oppressors were destroyed, and their land was inherited by the oppressed believers as a reward for their patience and faith.
Common Themes in Tafseer:
- Divine Decree: The changing of inhabitants in dwellings is portrayed as an act of Allah’s will and justice.
- Consequence and Reward: The “diyar” of disbelieving, treacherous groups are taken from them as a consequence, while the “diyar” they are forced to leave for the sake of faith are compensated by Allah with something better.
- Sacrifice for Faith: Leaving one’s “diyar” is the ultimate material sacrifice in the path of Allah, and it guarantees divine support and recompense.
- Historical Precedent: These verses often refer to specific historical events (expulsion of Banu Nadhir, Hijrah from Mecca, defeat of Banu Qurayzah, Exodus from Egypt) to establish enduring lessons for the Muslim community.
I hope this comprehensive overview is helpful. Would you like a deeper exploration of the tafseer from a specific classical scholar like Ibn Kathir or Al-Tabari for any of these verses?
By grok
Here are the Quranic verses that contain the word “diyarihim” (ديارهم, meaning “their homes” or “their abodes” in a possessive third-person context, often referring to eviction or departure from dwellings). I’ve compiled them based on a comprehensive search of the Quran, using standard references. For each, I’ve included:
- The surah name, number, and verse number.
- The full Arabic text of the verse (with “diyarihim” highlighted for clarity).
- An English translation (using Saheeh International as the primary reference for accuracy and clarity).
- A brief tafsir (explanation/commentary) drawn from Tafsir Ibn Kathir, a reliable classical source, summarizing the context, meaning, and lessons.
These are all the instances where the word appears. Note that variations like “diyarahum” (accusative case) are included if they match the root form and meaning, as they are essentially the same word in Arabic grammar.
1. Surah Al-Baqarah (The Cow, 2:85)
Arabic: ثُمَّ أَنتُمْ هَـٰٓؤُلَآءِ تَقْتُلُونَ أَنفُسَكُمْ وَتُخْرِجُونَ فَرِيقًۭا مِّنكُم مِّن دِيَـٰرِهِمْ تَظَـٰهَرُونَ عَلَيْهِم بِٱلْإِثْمِ وَٱلْعُدْوَٰنِ وَإِن يَأْتُوكُمْ أُسَـٰرَىٰ تُفَـٰدُوهُمْ وَهُوَ مُحَرَّمٌ عَلَيْكُمْ إِخْرَاجُهُمْ ۚ أَفَتُؤْمِنُونَ بِبَعْضِ ٱلْكِتَـٰبِ وَتَكْفُرُونَ بِبَعْضٍۢ ۚ فَمَا جَزَآءُ مَن يَفْعَلُ ذَٰلِكَ مِنكُمْ إِلَّا خِزْىٌۭ فِى ٱلْحَيَوٰةِ ٱلدُّنْيَا ۖ وَيَوْمَ ٱلْقِيَـٰمَةِ يُرَدُّونَ إِلَىٰٓ أَشَدِّ ٱلْعَذَابِ ۗ وَمَا ٱللَّهُ بِغَـٰفِلٍ عَمَّا تَعْمَلُونَ
Translation: Then, you are those [same ones who are] killing one another and evicting a party of your people from their homes, cooperating against them in sin and aggression. And if they come to you as captives, you ransom them, although their eviction was forbidden to you. So do you believe in part of the Scripture and disbelieve in part? Then what is the recompense for those who do that among you except disgrace in worldly life; and on the Day of Resurrection they will be sent back to the severest of punishment. And Allah is not unaware of what you do.
Tafsir (Ibn Kathir): This verse criticizes the Jews of Madinah for breaching their covenant with Allah. They would kill and evict their own people from their homes during tribal conflicts between Al-Aws and Al-Khazraj, aiding enemies in sin, yet ransom captives to follow parts of the Torah selectively. It highlights their hypocrisy in believing only portions of the Scripture while rejecting others, leading to disgrace in this life and severe punishment in the Hereafter. 20 21
2. Surah Al-Baqarah (The Cow, 2:243)
Arabic: أَلَمْ تَرَ إِلَى ٱلَّذِينَ خَرَجُوا۟ مِن دِيَـٰرِهِمْ وَهُمْ أُلُوفٌ حَذَرَ ٱلْمَوْتِ فَقَالَ لَهُمُ ٱللَّهُ مُوتُوا۟ ثُمَّ أَحْيَاهُمْ ۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَذُو فَضْلٍ عَلَى ٱلنَّاسِ وَلَـٰكِنَّ أَكْثَرَ ٱلنَّاسِ لَا يَشْكُرُونَ
Translation: Have you not considered those who left their homes in thousands, fearing death? Allah said to them, “Die”; then He restored them to life. Indeed, Allah is full of bounty to the people, but most of the people do not show gratitude.
Tafsir (Ibn Kathir): This refers to a group (possibly from Dawardan or the Children of Israel) who fled their homes in thousands to avoid a plague or jihad against a tyrant king, fearing death. Allah caused them to die, then resurrected them as a sign of His power over life and death. The story encourages believers not to fear death in Allah’s cause, as He bestows great favors, though most are ungrateful. 28 29
3. Surah Ali ‘Imran (The Family of Imran, 3:195)
Arabic: فَٱسْتَجَابَ لَهُمْ رَبُّهُمْ أَنِّى لَآ أُضِيعُ عَمَلَ عَـٰمِلٍۢ مِّنكُم مِّن ذَكَرٍ أَوْ أُنثَىٰ ۖ بَعْضُكُم مِّنۢ بَعْضٍۢ ۖ فَٱلَّذِينَ هَاجَرُوا۟ وَأُخْرِجُوا۟ مِن دِيَـٰرِهِمْ وَأُوذُوا۟ فِى سَبِيلِى وَقَـٰتَلُوا۟ وَقُتِلُوا۟ لَأُكَفِّرَنَّ عَنْهُمْ سَيِّـَٔاتِهِمْ ۖ وَلَأُدْخِلَنَّهُمْ جَنَّـٰتٍۢ تَجْرِى مِن تَحْتِهَا ٱلْأَنْهَـٰرُ ثَوَابًۭا مِّنْ عِندِ ٱللَّهِ ۗ وَٱللَّهُ عِندَهُۥ حُسْنُ ٱلثَّوَابِ
Translation: And their Lord responded to them, “Never will I allow to be lost the work of [any] worker among you, whether male or female; you are of one another. So those who emigrated or were evicted from their homes or were harmed in My cause or fought or were killed – I will surely remove from them their misdeeds, and I will surely admit them to gardens beneath which rivers flow as reward from Allah, and Allah has with Him the best reward.”
Tafsir (Ibn Kathir): Allah accepts the supplications of the righteous believers, assuring that no good deed (from men or women) is wasted. It specifically honors those who emigrated, were driven from their homes, suffered harm for Allah’s sake, fought, or were killed—promising forgiveness of sins and entry into Paradise with flowing rivers as the ultimate reward from Him. 38
4. Surah Al-Anfal (The Spoils of War, 8:47)
Arabic: وَلَا تَكُونُوا۟ كَٱلَّذِينَ خَرَجُوا۟ مِن دِيَـٰرِهِم بَطَرًۭا وَرِئَآءَ ٱلنَّاسِ وَيَصُدُّونَ عَن سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ ۚ وَٱللَّهُ بِمَا يَعْمَلُونَ مُحِيطٌۭ
Translation: And do not be like those who came forth from their homes insolently and to be seen by people and avert [them] from the way of Allah. And Allah is encompassing of what they do.
Tafsir (Ibn Kathir): This warns believers not to imitate the disbelievers (like Abu Jahl and the idolators at Badr) who left their homes in arrogance, showing off, and obstructing people from Allah’s path. Instead, fight sincerely for Allah, as the idolators’ actions led to their defeat despite their outward display of strength. 33
5. Surah Al-Hajj (The Pilgrimage, 22:40)
Arabic: ٱلَّذِينَ أُخْرِجُوا۟ مِن دِيَـٰرِهِمْ بِغَيْرِ حَقٍّ إِلَّآ أَن يَقُولُوا۟ رَبُّنَا ٱللَّهُ ۗ وَلَوْلَا دَفْعُ ٱللَّهِ ٱلنَّاسَ بَعْضَهُم بِبَعْضٍۢ لَّهُدِّمَتْ صَوَٰمِعُ وَبِيَعٌۭ وَصَلَوَٰتٌۭ وَمَسَـٰجِدُ يُذْكَرُ فِيهَا ٱسْمُ ٱللَّهِ كَثِيرًۭا ۗ وَلَيَنصُرَنَّ ٱللَّهُ مَن يَنصُرُهُۥٓ ۗ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَقَوِىٌّ عَزِيزٌ
Translation: [They are] those who have been evicted from their homes without right – only because they say, “Our Lord is Allah.” And were it not that Allah checks the people, some by means of others, there would have been demolished monasteries, churches, synagogues, and mosques in which the name of Allah is much mentioned. And Allah will surely support those who support Him. Indeed, Allah is Powerful and Exalted in Might.
Tafsir (Ibn Kathir): This is the first verse granting permission for jihad, revealed about the Prophet Muhammad and his Companions expelled from Makkah solely for affirming Allah as their Lord. It justifies defensive fighting to protect places of worship (including those of other faiths) and assures divine support for those who aid Allah’s cause. 52
6. Surah Al-Ahzab (The Confederates, 33:27)
Arabic: وَأَوْرَثَكُمْ أَرْضَهُمْ وَدِيَـٰرَهُمْ وَأَمْوَٰلَهُمْ وَأَرْضًۭا لَّمْ تَطَـْٔۦهَا ۚ وَكَانَ ٱللَّهُ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَىْءٍۢ قَدِيرًۭا
Translation: And He caused you to inherit their land and their homes and their properties and a land which you have not trodden. And ever is Allah, over all things, competent.
Tafsir (Ibn Kathir): Allah made the Muslims inherit the lands, homes, and wealth of the disbelieving Jews (such as Banu Qurayzah and Banu Nadir after their treachery) and promised further conquests of lands not yet reached (like Khaybar, or even distant empires like Persia and Rome). It demonstrates Allah’s power to grant victory and spoils to believers.
7. Surah Al-Hashr (The Exile, 59:2)
Arabic: هُوَ ٱلَّذِىٓ أَخْرَجَ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا۟ مِنْ أَهْلِ ٱلْكِتَـٰبِ مِن دِيَـٰرِهِمْ لِأَوَّلِ ٱلْحَشْرِ ۚ مَا ظَنَنتُمْ أَن يَخْرُجُوا۟ ۖ وَظَنُّوٓا۟ أَنَّهُم مَّانِعَتُهُمْ حُصُونُهُم مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ فَأَتَىٰهُمُ ٱللَّهُ مِنْ حَيْثُ لَمْ يَحْتَسِبُوا۟ ۖ وَقَذَفَ فِى قُلُوبِهِمُ ٱلرُّعْبَ ۚ يُخْرِبُونَ بُيُوتَهُم بِأَيْدِيهِمْ وَأَيْدِى ٱلْمُؤْمِنِينَ فَٱعْتَبِرُوا۟ يَـٰٓأُو۟لِى ٱلْأَبْصَـٰرِ
Translation: It is He who expelled the ones who disbelieved among the People of the Scripture from their homes at the first gathering. You did not think they would leave, and they thought that their fortresses would protect them from Allah; but [the decree of] Allah came upon them from where they had not expected, and He cast terror into their hearts [so] they destroyed their houses by their [own] hands and the hands of the believers. So take warning, O people of vision.
Tafsir (Ibn Kathir): This describes the expulsion of Banu Nadir (Jews who disbelieved) from their homes in Madinah due to their treachery and plots against the Muslims. They relied on their fortresses, but Allah cast terror in their hearts, leading them to destroy their own homes during the siege. It’s a lesson in Allah’s unexpected intervention and a warning against plotting harm. 62 63
8. Surah Al-Hashr (The Exile, 59:8)
Arabic: لِلْفُقَرَآءِ ٱلْمُهَـٰجِرِينَ ٱلَّذِينَ أُخْرِجُوا۟ مِن دِيَـٰرِهِمْ وَأَمْوَٰلِهِمْ يَبْتَغُونَ فَضْلًۭا مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ وَرِضْوَٰنًۭا وَيَنصُرُونَ ٱللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُۥٓ ۚ أُو۟لَـٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلصَّـٰدِقُونَ
Translation: For the poor emigrants who were expelled from their homes and their properties, seeking bounty from Allah and [His] approval and supporting Allah and His Messenger, [there is also a share]. Those are the truthful.
Tafsir (Ibn Kathir): This praises the Muhajirin (emigrants from Makkah) who were driven from their homes and possessions for Allah’s sake, seeking His favor and pleasure while aiding Allah and His Messenger. They are entitled to a share of spoils (like from Banu Nadir), and they are described as the truthful in faith, exemplifying sacrifice and sincerity. 67 68
Messages from Quran 