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Quran, listen ,read translation, understand & act

Chapter 49/ Al Hujurat

Summary of the chapter & the links: 

1. Audio discussion of the chapter summary: 

https://notebooklm.google.com/notebook/b46a2fd3-c4b1-469f-a412-48287a43bbd5/audio

2. Mesmerizing recitation of the chapter with English translation:

https://surahquran.com/sorah-english-49.html

3. Free app for complete Quran , translations in multiple world languages: https://apps.apple.com/app/id1118663303

4. Free app for complete Quran, recitation, multiple tafaseer, books of ahadees: https://apps.apple.com/app/id1006098149

Here is a concise summary of Surah Al-Hujurat (Chapter 49) based exclusively on Tafheemul Quran by Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi:

1. Name and Revelation

  • The surah derives its name from Verse 4, which references the private apartments (hujurat) of the Prophet’s wives .
  • It is a Medinan surah, revealed during the final stage of the Prophet’s life (around 9 A.H.), compiling commandments issued on various occasions .

2. Core Theme: Islamic Etiquette (Ādāb)

The surah aims to instill moral and social manners befitting true believers, emphasizing:

  • Respect for Allah and His Messenger (Verses 1–5):
    • Prohibition of prioritizing personal opinions over divine guidance .
    • Mandate to lower voices in the Prophet’s presence; those who do so are praised for their piety .
    • Condemnation of those who called the Prophet disrespectfully from outside his private quarters .
  • Verifying Information (Verse 6):
    • A “wicked person’s” report must be investigated to avoid harming others unjustly .
  • Resolving Conflicts (Verses 9–10):
    • If two Muslim groups fight, others must mediate. If one group oppresses the other, the oppressor must be fought until it submits to Allah’s command .
    • All believers are brothers, necessitating reconciliation and justice .
  • Social Ethics (Verses 11–12):
    • Prohibition of mockery, sarcasm, offensive nicknames, suspicion, spying, and backbiting (compared to “eating a dead brother’s flesh”) .

3. Condemnation of Tribal Arrogance (Verse 13)

  • Humanity’s creation from “a male and a female” underscores universal equality. Tribal divisions exist only for identification, not superiority.
  • Piety (taqwā) alone determines nobility before Allah .

4. True Faith vs. Mere Submission (Verses 14–18)

  • Desert Arabs’ declaration of faith was merely verbal submission (islām), not true faith (īmān), which requires:
    • Unshakeable belief in Allah and His Messenger.
    • Obedience in practice.
    • Sacrifice of wealth and self in Allah’s cause .
  • Allah rejects any attitude treating Islam as a “favor” to the Prophet; true guidance is His bounty .

Key Takeaways from Tafheemul Quran

  • Surah Al-Hujurat is a handbook for communal harmony, addressing spiritual, social, and ethical conduct .
  • It dismantles pre-Islamic tribal pride and establishes piety as the sole criterion of merit .
  • Faith is validated through actions, not claims .

For deeper analysis, refer to Tafhim al-Qur’an directly.

Surah Al-Hujurat (Chapter 49) of the Qur’an, as explained in Tafheem-ul-Qur’an by Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi, focuses on the ethical and social conduct of believers, emphasizing unity, respect for the Prophet, and the principles of brotherhood and justice within the Muslim community. Below is a summary based solely on the Tafheem-ul-Qur’an commentary:

  1. Respect for the Prophet and Allah’s Authority (Verses 1-5): The Surah begins by instructing believers not to place their opinions above Allah and His Messenger, emphasizing the need for reverence and obedience to the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him). It advises against raising voices in his presence or calling out to him disrespectfully, as such actions may nullify good deeds. Believers are urged to show humility and proper etiquette.
  2. Verification of Information (Verse 6): The Surah warns against accepting news from unreliable sources without verification, as false reports can lead to harm and regret. This emphasizes the importance of truthfulness and caution in dealing with information, especially in matters affecting the community.
  3. Unity and Reconciliation (Verses 7-10): Believers are reminded that faith is a divine gift that guides them to righteousness. The Surah instructs Muslims to reconcile disputes between conflicting groups within the community, ensuring justice and fairness. If one party transgresses, the community should intervene to restore peace, as believers are brothers and must uphold unity.
  4. Prohibition of Negative Behaviors (Verses 11-12): The Surah forbids mocking, defaming, or insulting fellow believers, as such actions undermine brotherhood. It also prohibits suspicion, spying, and backbiting, comparing the latter to eating the flesh of a dead brother. These verses emphasize mutual respect, trust, and the avoidance of harmful behaviors.
  5. Equality and True Piety (Verse 13): Allah created humanity from a single origin, diversifying them into nations and tribes for mutual recognition, not division. The Surah declares that true honor lies in piety (taqwa), not in race, lineage, or status, establishing the principle of equality among all people before Allah.
  6. True Faith vs. Superficial Claims (Verses 14-18): The Surah distinguishes between superficial submission (merely saying “we believe”) and true faith, which involves complete devotion to Allah. It addresses the Bedouins who claimed faith but lacked deep commitment, urging them to strive sincerely. True believers are those who submit fully, avoid treachery, and recognize Allah’s favor in guiding them to faith.

Key Themes: Surah Al-Hujurat outlines the moral and social code for Muslims, stressing respect for the Prophet, verification of information, reconciliation of disputes, and the avoidance of negative behaviors like mockery and backbiting. It emphasizes the unity and brotherhood of believers, the equality of all people based on piety, and the importance of sincere faith over mere verbal claims.

Quran, listen ,read translation, understand & act

Chapter 50/ Al Qaf

Summary of the chapter & the links: 

1. Audio discussion of the chapter summary: 

https://notebooklm.google.com/notebook/aa0450fe-eb8e-426e-bb20-e888208b78e1/audio

2. Mesmerizing recitation of the chapter with English translation:

https://surahquran.com/sorah-english-50.html

3. Free app for complete Quran , translations in multiple world languages: https://apps.apple.com/app/id1118663303

4. Free app for complete Quran, recitation, multiple tafaseer, books of ahadees: https://apps.apple.com/app/id1006098149

Here is a summary of Surah Qaf (Chapter 50) based exclusively on Tafheem-ul-Quran by Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi:

1. Introduction and Central Theme

  • Name: The surah is named after the Arabic letter “Qaf” (ق) at its opening .
  • Revelation: Revealed in Mecca during the early prophetic period (likely the 5th year of prophethood), when opposition to Islam was intensifying but not yet violent .
  • Core Subject: The reality of the Hereafter (Resurrection and Accountability), addressing the Meccan disbelievers’ rejection of bodily resurrection after death .

2. Key Arguments Against Denial of Resurrection

  • Rebuttal of Skepticism: The disbelievers mocked resurrection, asking how decomposed bodies could be restored. Allah counters that His knowledge encompasses every particle of their bodies, preserved in a “Book” (divine record) .
  • Cosmic Proofs:
  • The flawless creation of the heavens (v. 6) and the earth (v. 7) with mountains, vegetation, and rain reviving dead land (vv. 9–11) are signs of His power to resurrect .
  • The revival of barren land by rain is a direct analogy for resurrection (v. 11) .

3. Historical Precedents of Divine Punishment

  • Destroyed Nations: The peoples of Noah, Rass, Thamud, ‘Ād, Pharaoh, Lot, the Forest-Dwellers (Aiykah), and Tubba’ rejected their prophets and faced annihilation (vv. 12–14) .
  • Logical Argument: If Allah could create humans once, recreating them is effortless (v. 15) .

4. Human Accountability and the Afterlife

  • Divine Omniscience: Allah is nearer to humans “than their jugular vein” (v. 16). Two angels record every deed and word (vv. 17–18) .
  • Death and Judgment:
  • The “agony of death” (v. 19) strips away denial, and the “Trumpet” heralds resurrection (v. 20).
  • On Judgment Day, each person arrives with a “driver” (angel) and a “witness” (record of deeds) (v. 21) .
  • Outcomes:
  • Disbelievers: Cast into Hell for rejecting truth, hindering good, and polytheism (vv. 24–26). Satan disowns them (v. 27), and Hell itself demands more inhabitants (v. 30) .
  • Believers: Enter Paradise for revering Allah “unseen,” turning to Him sincerely (v. 33), and receiving eternal blessings “and more” (vv. 31–35) .

5. Final Instructions to the Prophet ﷺ

  • Patience and Worship: Endure the disbelievers’ ridicule (v. 39), glorify Allah before dawn, sunset, and at night (vv. 39–40) .
  • Purpose of Revelation: The Quran is a warning for those who “fear Allah’s threat” (v. 45). The Prophet’s role is to admonish, not compel belief .

Significance in the Prophet’s Life

  • The Prophet ﷺ frequently recited this surah in Friday sermons and Eid prayers to emphasize its message, ensuring its widespread memorization among companions .

This summary encapsulates Tafheem-ul-Quran‘s analysis of Surah Qaf as a cohesive argument for Resurrection, divine justice, and the Quran’s role in awakening moral consciousness.

Surah Qaf (Chapter 50) of the Qur’an, as explained in Tafheem-ul-Qur’an by Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi, focuses on the certainty of the Resurrection, the power of Allah in creation, the accountability of human actions, and warnings to the disbelievers. Below is a summary based solely on the Tafheem-ul-Qur’an commentary:

  1. The Qur’an and Denial of Resurrection (Verses 1-5): The Surah begins with an oath by the glorious Qur’an, affirming its divine origin. The disbelievers, particularly the Quraysh, are astonished at the Prophet’s warning of the Resurrection, denying the possibility of being raised after death. The Surah refutes this by emphasizing Allah’s power to recreate life from decayed bones.
  2. Signs of Allah’s Power in Creation (Verses 6-11): The Surah draws attention to the signs of Allah’s creative power in the heavens, earth, mountains, plants, and rain that revives barren land. These are presented as evidence of Allah’s ability to resurrect the dead, urging the disbelievers to reflect on these signs.
  3. Historical Examples and Warnings (Verses 12-15): The Surah recounts the fate of earlier nations, such as the people of Noah, ‘Ad, Thamud, and Pharaoh, who rejected their prophets and were destroyed. This serves as a warning to the Quraysh that Allah is not incapable of resurrecting the dead, as He created everything initially.
  4. Allah’s Omniscience and Human Accountability (Verses 16-19): The Surah emphasizes that Allah is closer to humans than their jugular vein, fully aware of their thoughts and actions. Two angels record every deed, and death will bring the truth of the Resurrection, which the disbelievers deny.
  5. The Day of Judgment (Verses 20-29): The Surah vividly describes the Day of Judgment, when the trumpet will be blown, and every soul will face its deeds accompanied by a driver and a witness (angels). The disbelievers will be unable to deny their actions, and their false gods will offer no help. The devil will admit to misleading them, and they will face punishment in Hell.
  6. Paradise and Warnings to the Living (Verses 30-35): The Surah contrasts the fate of the righteous, who will enter Paradise with peace and abundant provisions, with the disbelievers’ punishment. It urges the Prophet to warn the living, as the Qur’an is a reminder for those who fear Allah and seek His forgiveness.
  7. Consolation to the Prophet and Universal Truth (Verses 36-45): The Surah consoles the Prophet, reminding him that previous prophets faced rejection yet remained patient. It highlights Allah’s power to destroy the disbelievers but grants them respite. The Prophet is instructed to continue his mission of reminding people through the Qur’an, which is a universal message for all who listen.

Key Themes: Surah Qaf underscores the certainty of the Resurrection, Allah’s limitless power in creation, and the accountability of every human action. It warns disbelievers of their inevitable fate through historical examples and vivid descriptions of the Day of Judgment, while consoling the Prophet and urging steadfastness in delivering the divine message.

Quran, listen ,read translation, understand & act

Chapter40/ Al Gafir

Summary of the chapter & the links: 

1. Audio discussion of the chapter summary: 

https://notebooklm.google.com/notebook/40c51ce4-71f1-49cf-b5b3-6759125d9cbe/audio.

2. Mesmerizing recitation of the chapter with English translation:

https://surahquran.com/sorah-english-40.html

3. Free app for complete Quran , translations in multiple world languages: https://apps.apple.com/app/id1118663303

4. Free app for complete Quran, recitation, multiple tafaseer, books of ahadees: https://apps.apple.com/app/id1006098149

Here is a summary of Surah Ghafir (Chapter 40) based exclusively on Tafheemul Quran by Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi, drawing from the provided sources:

📜 1. Introduction and Revelation Context

  • Names: Also called Al-Mu’min (The Believer), referencing a righteous courtier in Pharaoh’s palace (v. 28) .
  • Period: Revealed in Mecca consecutively after Surah Az-Zumar, during intense persecution of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). The Quraysh engaged in theological disputes, slander, and assassination plots against him .
  • Purpose: To reassure Muslims amid persecution by drawing parallels with earlier prophets and emphasizing divine justice .

⚖️ 2. Core Themes

  • Divine Attributes:
    • Allah is Al-Ghafir (Forgiver of sins), Al-Aziz (All-Mighty), Al-Alim (All-Knowing), and Qabil al-Tawb (Acceptor of Repentance), yet severe in punishment (vv. 1-3) .
    • Rejects all false deities; ultimate return is to Him alone (v. 3) .
  • Disbelievers’ Arrogance:
    • Only those who reject faith dispute Allah’s signs (vv. 4, 56). Their worldly power is transient and should not mislead believers (v. 4) .
    • Historical precedent: Nations like Noah’s and later confederates were destroyed for opposing prophets (vv. 5-6) .
  • Angelic Intercession:
    • Angels carrying Allah’s Throne glorify Him, affirm faith, and pray for forgiveness and protection for repentant believers (vv. 7-9) .

📖 3. Narrative of Musa (Moses) and the Believing Courtier

  • Opposition to Musa: Pharaoh, Haman, and Korah rejected Musa’s clear signs, calling him a “sorcerer and liar” (vv. 23-24). They conspired to kill him and suppress followers (v. 25) .
  • Intervention of a Believer:
    • An unnamed believer in Pharaoh’s court publicly defended Musa, urging the people not to kill him for declaring “My Lord is Allah” (v. 28). He warned of the fate of earlier nations (e.g., ‘Ad, Thamud) (vv. 30-31) .
    • Outcome: Pharaoh ignored the warning, but Allah saved the believer from their plots. Pharaoh’s people were ultimately destroyed (vv. 45-46) .

✨ 4. Theological Concepts and Warnings

  • Hereafter:
    • Disbelievers will confess their sins on Judgment Day but receive no relief (vv. 10-12). They will argue in Hell, with followers blaming leaders (vv. 47-49) .
  • Tawhid (Divine Unity):
    • Allah alone controls creation, revelation, and sustenance. Idols hold no authority (vv. 13, 62-68) .
  • Call to Prayer:
    • “Call upon Me; I will respond to you” (v. 60). Arrogance in rejecting worship leads to Hell .

💡 5. Practical Guidance for Muslims

  • Steadfastness: The believing courtier exemplifies courage in upholding truth despite political risk .
  • Trust in Divine Aid: Allah protects His messengers and believers (v. 51). Historical destruction of arrogant nations is a lesson (v. 21) .
  • Repentance and Sincerity: Emphasized as pathways to divine mercy and Paradise (vv. 7-9) .

Key Lessons from the Surah:

  • Divine Attributes: A blend of mercy and justice .
  • Historical Parallels: Oppressors’ downfall is inevitable .
  • Moral Courage: The believer in Pharaoh’s court models principled defiance .

For further details, refer to Tafheemul Quran under Surah 40 in the provided sources .

Surah Al-Ghafir (Chapter 40) in Tafheem-ul-Quran by Syed Abul Ala Maududi emphasizes Allah’s forgiveness, the truth of divine revelation, and the consequences of accepting or rejecting guidance. The Surah, also known as Surah Al-Mu’min (The Believer), contrasts the fate of believers and disbelievers, using historical examples to reinforce its message. Below is a summary of the key themes and points from Maududi’s commentary, organized by the Surah’s sections (rukuhs):

  1. Verses 1-9 (Divine Attributes and Supplication): The Surah opens by affirming the Quran as a revelation from Allah, the Exalted and All-Knowing, who forgives sins and accepts repentance but is severe in punishment. Maududi explains that these verses highlight Allah’s attributes of mercy and justice. The angels glorify Allah and seek forgiveness for the believers, emphasizing the importance of sincere supplication and reliance on Allah’s mercy.
  2. Verses 10-20 (Disbelievers’ Regret and Divine Signs): This section describes the regret of disbelievers on the Day of Judgment when they face the consequences of rejecting the truth. Maududi notes that the Surah warns against disputing Allah’s signs without evidence and highlights the futility of disbelief. Allah’s power is evident in His creation, urging people to reflect on these signs as proof of His oneness.
  3. Verses 21-27 (Lessons from Past Nations): The Surah recounts the stories of past prophets, particularly Musa (Moses), who was sent to Pharaoh, Haman, and Qarun. Maududi explains that despite clear signs, Pharaoh’s arrogance led to his destruction, serving as a warning to those who reject divine guidance. The commentary underscores the recurring pattern of nations rejecting prophets and facing divine punishment.
  4. Verses 28-37 (The Believer’s Stand): A significant portion focuses on a believing man from Pharaoh’s household who defended Musa and called for faith in Allah. Maududi highlights this figure as an example of courage and sincerity, secretly believing while surrounded by disbelief. The disbelievers’ plots against Musa failed, illustrating Allah’s protection of His messengers and the ultimate failure of falsehood.
  5. Verses 38-50 (Call to Guidance and Consequences): The believer’s call to follow the path of truth is contrasted with the arrogance of Pharaoh and his people. Maududi explains that the Surah emphasizes the clarity of divine guidance and the inevitable punishment for those who reject it. On the Day of Judgment, disbelievers will plead for relief, but their fate will be sealed due to their persistent denial.
  6. Verses 51-60 (Victory of the Messengers): Allah’s promise to grant victory to His messengers and their followers is reaffirmed. Maududi notes that this section reassures believers of divine support in this world and the Hereafter. The disbelievers’ reliance on false deities is condemned, and the Surah calls for humility and gratitude toward Allah’s blessings.
  7. Verses 61-68 (Allah’s Signs and Power): This section reflects on Allah’s creation, such as the alternation of night and day, as signs of His power. Maududi emphasizes that these natural phenomena are reminders of Allah’s ability to create and resurrect. The Surah calls for recognizing Allah’s oneness and rejecting false gods, which offer no benefit.
  8. Verses 69-78 (Prophethood and Resurrection): The Surah addresses those who dispute Allah’s revelations and the prophethood of Muhammad (peace be upon him). Maududi explains that the disbelievers’ rejection stems from pride and ignorance, leading to their downfall. The section concludes with a reminder of the Day of Judgment, where Allah’s justice will prevail.
  9. Verses 79-85 (Creation and Accountability): The Surah concludes by highlighting Allah’s control over creation, such as cattle and the universe, as signs for reflection. Maududi notes that disbelievers will realize the truth too late on the Day of Judgment, lamenting their rejection of guidance. The Surah ends by glorifying Allah, the ultimate authority.

Overall Message: According to Tafheem-ul-Quran, Surah Al-Ghafir underscores Allah’s forgiveness and power, the truth of His revelation, and the consequences of human choices. It uses historical examples, particularly the story of Musa and the believer in Pharaoh’s court, to illustrate the triumph of faith and the downfall of arrogance. The Surah calls for sincere worship, reflection on Allah’s signs, and preparation for the Hereafter, warning against the fate of those who reject divine guidance.

Note: This summary is based solely on Maududi’s Tafheem-ul-Quran, as requested, drawing from relevant sources citing this tafsir. If you need further details on specific verses or themes, please let me know!

Quran, listen ,read translation, understand & act

Chapter 58/ Al Mujadilah

Summary of the chapter & the links: 

1. Audio discussion of the chapter summary: 

https://notebooklm.google.com/notebook/2a90d6df-018a-4990-b51e-0944a0876010/audio

2. Mesmerizing recitation of the chapter with English translation:

https://surahquran.com/sorah-english-58.html

3. Free app for complete Quran , translations in multiple world languages: https://apps.apple.com/app/id1118663303

4. Free app for complete Quran, recitation, multiple tafaseer, books of ahadees: https://apps.apple.com/app/id1006098149

Here is a concise summary of Surah Al-Mujadilah (Chapter 58) based exclusively on the Tafheemul Quran commentary by Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi, derived from the relevant search results:

1. Introduction and Context

The chapter opens with the incident of Khaulah bint Tha’labah, who petitioned Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) against her husband’s unjust declaration of Zihar (a pre-Islamic practice where a man equated his wife to his mother, forbidding conjugal relations). Allah directly heard her plea, affirming His omnipresence and justice .

2. Condemnation and Ruling on Zihar

  • Verses 2–4: Zihar is denounced as a “hateful falsehood” since mothers are only those who give birth.
  • Expiation for Zihar:
    • Free a slave, or
    • Fast for two consecutive months, or
    • Feed sixty needy people.
      This expiation must precede marital reconciliation, emphasizing repentance and social justice.

3. Rebuke of Hypocritical Secret Counsels

  • Verses 7–10: Allah exposes hypocrites who held secret meetings for “sin, aggression, and disobedience” to the Prophet (ﷺ). Their insincere greetings (e.g., saying “As-sām ‘alaykum” instead of “As-salām ‘alaykum”) reflected malice.
  • Guidance for Believers: Secret counsels should focus on “righteousness and piety,” not conspiracy. Satan exploits such meetings to grieve believers, but true harm occurs only by Allah’s permission.

4. Etiquette in Assemblies

  • Verse 11: Believers are commanded to make space for others in gatherings; Allah promises spiritual elevation for those who obey.
  • Rising when asked symbolizes respect and collective discipline.

5. Charity Before Private Consultations

  • Verses 12–13: Before private talks with the Prophet (ﷺ), charity was initially mandated to purify intentions. Later relaxed due to practical difficulties, it was replaced with steadfastness in prayer, zakah, and obedience. This highlighted sincerity over ritual rigidity.

6. Final Warnings and Divine Assurance

  • Verses 14–22: Hypocrites who ally with “those incurring Allah’s wrath” (e.g., exiled Jews) face Hellfire. Their oaths are deceitful screens for opposing Islam.
  • Triumph for the Faithful: Allah decrees ultimate victory for Himself and His messengers. True believers sever ties with enemies of faith, earning paradise and Allah’s pleasure as “Allah’s Party” (حِزْبُ اللهِ).

Key Themes in Tafheemul Quran:

  • Social Justice: The chapter addresses gender equity (Zihar), wealth redistribution (charity), and communal ethics .
  • Allah’s Omniscience: His presence in all secret counsels underscores divine accountability .
  • Hypocrisy vs. Sincerity: Contrasts the fate of hypocrites with believers who embody piety and trust in Allah .

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Key Points

  • Surah Al-Mujadila (Chapter 58) from Tafheem-ul-Quran, as explained by Maulana Abul Ala Maududi, addresses key Islamic teachings on marriage, hypocrisy, and divine sovereignty, revealed during the Medinan period.
  • It seems likely that the chapter condemns the pre-Islamic practice of zihar (a form of divorce) and provides clear expiation methods, emphasizing respect for marital rights.
  • Research suggests the surah warns against sinful secret counsels, encourages virtuous discussions, and outlines etiquette for assemblies, reflecting community values.
  • The evidence leans toward the surah distinguishing between hypocrites, who face severe punishment, and true believers, promised eternal rewards for loyalty to Allah.

Overview

Surah Al-Mujadila, the 58th chapter of the Quran, is a Medinan revelation discussed in Tafheem-ul-Quran by Maulana Abul Ala Maududi. It focuses on social, legal, and spiritual issues, particularly addressing the practice of zihar, hypocrisy, and the importance of community ethics. Below, we explore its key themes in simple terms for easy understanding.

Condemnation of Zihar

The surah begins with the story of Khaulah bint-Thalabah, whose husband used zihar, a pre-Islamic practice where he declared her like his mother, making her unlawful to him. Tafheem-ul-Quran explains that Allah condemned this as absurd and false, clarifying it does not make the wife unlawful like a mother. If the husband wishes to resume relations, he must perform expiation, which includes freeing a slave, fasting for two consecutive months, or feeding sixty needy people. This reflects Islam’s emphasis on protecting marital rights and providing clear paths for reconciliation.

Allah’s Omniscience and Community Ethics

The surah highlights Allah’s omniscience, knowing all in the heavens and earth, and being present in every gathering, whether small or large. It warns against sinful secret counsels, which are linked to hypocrisy and lead to Hell, while encouraging believers to engage in discussions promoting virtue and piety. It also outlines etiquette for assemblies, such as making room for others and rising when asked, fostering respect and community harmony.

Hypocrites vs. Believers

Tafheem-ul-Quran notes the surah addresses hypocrites who ally with disbelievers and swear falsely, warning them of severe punishment and stating their wealth and offspring will not save them from the Fire. In contrast, true believers are described as those who do not befriend Allah’s opponents, even if relatives, and are promised eternal life in Gardens for their steadfast faith.

Divine Sovereignty

The surah concludes by affirming that Allah and His Messengers will ultimately prevail, emphasizing divine strength and the triumph of truth over falsehood, reinforcing trust in divine justice.

For further reading, refer to Islamicstudies.info – Tafheem-ul-Quran, Surah Al-Mujadila and Al-Islam.org – Enlightening Commentary on Surah Al-Mujadila.

Detailed Analysis from Tafheem-ul-Quran

This section provides a comprehensive exploration of Surah Al-Mujadila (Chapter 58) as interpreted in Tafheem-ul-Quran by Maulana Abul Ala Maududi, offering a detailed examination of its themes, legal injunctions, and spiritual insights. The analysis is grounded in the commentary’s focus on the Medinan context, social practices, and theological principles, ensuring a thorough understanding for readers seeking depth.

Background and Context

Surah Al-Mujadila, revealed in Medina, addresses issues pertinent to the early Muslim community during a period of social and legal development. Tafheem-ul-Quran highlights its relevance to the challenges faced, such as pre-Islamic customs and internal community dynamics, providing guidance for both individual and collective behavior.

Key Themes and Legal Injunctions

The surah is structured around several pivotal themes, each with specific legal and ethical implications, as detailed below:

1. The Case of Zihar and Marital Rights

The surah opens with the incident of Khaulah bint-Thalabah, whose husband, Aus bin Samit, practiced zihar, declaring her like his mother, a pre-Islamic custom intended to dissolve marriage. Tafheem-ul-Quran explains that Allah heard her complaint and revealed verses condemning zihar as absurd and false, clarifying it does not make the wife unlawful like a mother, unlike biological kinship. This ruling is significant for protecting women’s rights and maintaining marital bonds.

  • Expiation for Zihar: If the husband wishes to resume marital relations, he must perform expiation, as outlined in verses 3-4:
  • Free a slave (believer or non-believer, per Hanafis/Zahiriyyah; believer only, per Shafeis/Malikis/Hanbalis).
  • If unable, fast for two consecutive months (60 days per Hanafis/Hanbalis, 30+30 per Shafeis, lunar calendar).
  • If still unable, feed sixty poor people (Muslim only per Malikis/Shafeis/Hanbalis, both Muslim/non-Muslim per Hanafis).
  • This expiation aims to strengthen faith and rectify the wrong, reflecting Islam’s balance of mercy and accountability.

Additional historical context includes other zihar cases, such as Salamah bin Sakhr Bayadi (during Ramadan) and an unnamed man who had intercourse before expiation, illustrating the practical application of these rulings.

2. Allah’s Omniscience and Presence

Verses 5-7 emphasize Allah’s omniscience, knowing all in the heavens and earth, and being present as the fourth in a group of three, the sixth in a group of five, and with any number, informing them on Judgment Day. Tafheem-ul-Quran interprets this as a reminder of divine awareness, encouraging believers to act righteously in all settings, reinforcing trust in divine justice.

3. Prohibition of Sinful Secret Counsels

Verses 8-10 address the issue of secret counsels, warning against whispering about sin, aggression, or disobedience to Allah, which is associated with hypocrisy and leads to Hell. Conversely, it encourages counsels for virtue and piety, noting that Satan may influence such discussions to grieve believers, but no harm can come without Allah’s leave. This distinction is crucial for maintaining community integrity and spiritual purity.

4. Etiquette in Assemblies and Charity

Verse 11 outlines etiquette in assemblies, urging believers to make room when asked and rise when told, reflecting respect and humility. Tafheem-ul-Quran sees this as a practical application of Islamic social values, fostering harmony.

Verses 12-13 address charity before private consultations with the Prophet, initially requiring an offering, which was later abrogated, calling instead for prayer, alms, and obedience. This reflects the importance of sincerity and financial responsibility in spiritual interactions.

5. Hypocrites and Their Alliance with Disbelievers

Verses 14-19 expose hypocrites who ally with Jews and swear falsely, warning of severe punishment. Tafheem-ul-Quran notes their oaths are futile, and Satan has mastered them, leading to forgetfulness of Allah. Their wealth and offspring will not avail them, and they are part of the party of Satan, destined for loss. This section underscores the dangers of duplicity and the need for sincerity in faith.

6. Believers’ Loyalty and Divine Reward

Verses 20-22 contrast the hypocrites with true believers, who do not befriend Allah’s enemies, even if family, due to their inscribed faith. They are promised entry into Gardens, abiding forever, and are part of the party of Allah, which prospers. This highlights the reward for loyalty and the triumph of faith.

7. Divine Sovereignty and Triumph

The surah concludes by affirming that Allah and His Messengers will prevail over opponents, who are most humiliated. Tafheem-ul-Quran interprets this as a declaration of divine strength and might, reassuring believers of ultimate justice and victory.

Summary Table of Key Verses and Themes

Verse RangeKey ThemeDetails 58:1-4 Condemnation of Zihar Addresses zihar, provides expiation (free slave, fast 2 months, feed 60 poor). 58:5-7 Allah’s Omniscience Allah knows all, present in gatherings, informs on Judgment Day. 58:8-10 Secret Counsels Prohibits sinful whispers, encourages virtue, warns of satanic influence. 58:11 Assembly Etiquette Make room, rise when asked, Allah exalts believers and knowledgeable. 58:12-13 Charity and Consultation Charity before Prophet’s counsel, later abrogated, calls for prayer, alms. 58:14-19 Hypocrites’ Fate Allies with disbelievers, severe punishment, part of Satan’s party. 58:20-22 Believers’ Reward and Triumph No friendship with enemies, eternal Gardens, Allah and Messengers prevail.

Supporting Sources

The analysis is drawn from Tafheem-ul-Quran, accessible at Islamicstudies.info – Tafheem-ul-Quran, Surah Al-Mujadila, and corroborated by Al-Islam.org – Enlightening Commentary on Surah Al-Mujadila, ensuring a comprehensive understanding of Maududi’s interpretation.

This detailed exploration ensures all aspects of the surah, as per Tafheem-ul-Quran, are covered, providing a robust resource for readers seeking depth in Islamic exegesis.

For deeper exegesis, refer to Tafheemul Quran directly .

Quran, listen ,read translation, understand & act

Chapter 59/ Al Hashr

Summary of the chapter & the links: 

1. Audio discussion of the chapter summary: 

https://notebooklm.google.com/notebook/67b356a6-1eb3-45af-804f-28abf15c8e6b/audio

2. Mesmerizing recitation of the chapter with English translation:

https://surahquran.com/sorah-english-59.html

3. Free app for complete Quran , translations in multiple world languages: https://apps.apple.com/app/id1118663303

4. Free app for complete Quran, recitation, multiple tafaseer, books of ahadees: https://apps.apple.com/app/id1006098149

Based on Tafheem-ul-Qur’an by Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi, here is a concise summary of Surah Al-Hashr (Chapter 59):

1. Historical Context

  • Revealed in Madinah concerning the expulsion of the Jewish tribe Banu Nadir in Rabi’ al-Awwal, 4 AH (after the Battle of Uhud) .
  • Banu Nadir violated their treaty with the Muslims by conspiring with Meccan pagans and plotting to assassinate Prophet Muhammad ﷺ, leading to their siege and exile .

2. Key Events Highlighted

  • Divine Intervention: Allah expelled Banu Nadir despite their confidence in fortified strongholds. He cast terror into their hearts, causing them to destroy their own homes while fleeing .
  • Lessons in Accountability: The fate of Banu Nadir serves as a warning (“O people of insight!”) against opposing Allah and His Messenger .
  • Spoils of War (Fai’): The wealth acquired without combat was distributed under divine instruction: prioritizing the Prophet, needy migrants (Muhajirun), and marginalized groups (orphans, poor), ensuring wealth circulation rather than elite monopolization .

3. Spiritual and Social Themes

  • True Believers: Praises the Muhajirun (migrants) who sacrificed their homes for Allah, and the Ansar (helpers of Madinah) who selflessly supported them despite poverty .
  • Hypocrisy Condemned: Exposes the hypocrisy of those who secretly allied with Banu Nadir, undermining Muslim unity .
  • Obedience to Authority: Muslims are commanded to accept the Prophet’s directives unconditionally .

4. Concluding Attributes of Allah

  • The final verses (22–24) encapsulate Allah’s supreme names and attributes (Al-Malik, Al-Quddus, Al-Aziz), emphasizing His absolute sovereignty and perfection, beyond human associations .

5. Core Message

  • Surah Al-Hashr underscores divine justice: Allah’s punishment for treachery, His reward for sincerity, and the socioeconomic ethics of a faith-based community .

For further details, refer to Tafheem-ul-Qur’an, Surah Al-Hashr.

Key Points

  • Surah Al-Hashr (Chapter 59) focuses on the banishment of the Bani an-Nadir, a Jewish tribe, from Medina, as explained in Tafheemul Quran by Syed Abul Ala Maududi.
  • It highlights divine intervention, the distribution of spoils to support poor emigrants and the Ansar, and the importance of Muslim unity and support.
  • The chapter also warns against hypocrisy and encourages prayers for forgiveness among believers, emphasizing community strength.

Overview

Surah Al-Hashr, the 59th chapter of the Quran, is a Medinan surah with 24 verses, and its commentary in Tafheemul Quran provides deep insights into historical events and spiritual lessons. It centers on the banishment of the Bani an-Nadir, illustrating divine justice and the importance of community support among Muslims.

Summary of Chapter 59

According to Tafheemul Quran, the chapter begins by glorifying Allah, emphasizing that everything in the heavens and earth glorifies Him. It then details how Allah caused the disbelieving Bani an-Nadir to be expelled from their homes as a punishment for their opposition to Allah and His Messenger. The spoils from this event were distributed by Allah’s command to support poor emigrants (Muhajirun) who left their homes for Islam and the Ansar (those settled in Medina), highlighting the importance of unity and selflessness within the Muslim community. The chapter also warns against hypocrisy, encouraging believers to pray for forgiveness for fellow Muslims, both past and future, to foster a strong, supportive community.

Supporting Information

For further reading, the commentary can be found at Islamic Studies Info – Surah Al-Hashr 59:1-10.

Detailed Analysis and Background

This section provides a comprehensive exploration of Surah Al-Hashr (Chapter 59) as interpreted in Tafheemul Quran by Syed Abul Ala Maududi, ensuring a thorough understanding of its themes, historical context, and spiritual implications. The analysis is grounded in the detailed information gathered from various online sources, focusing exclusively on Tafheemul Quran for accuracy and relevance.

Historical and Contextual Background

Surah Al-Hashr is a Medinan surah, revealed during a period of significant challenges for the early Muslim community in Medina. The chapter derives its name from the Arabic word “al-hashr,” meaning “the exile” or “the gathering,” which appears in verse 2 and refers to the expulsion of the Bani an-Nadir, a Jewish tribe. According to Tafheemul Quran, this event is central to the surah, and it is described as a manifestation of Allah’s power rather than the result of Muslim military strength. The commentary cites traditions from Hadrat Sa’id bin Jubair and Ibn Abbas, indicating that the surah was revealed concerning the battle against the Bani an-Nadir, similar to how Surah Al-Anfal relates to the Battle of Badr.

The historical context involves the Bani an-Nadir’s breach of a treaty with the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him). Despite a formal written agreement, they committed acts of treachery, including plotting to kill the Prophet, which was exposed and led to their ultimatum to leave Medina or face war. This aligns with Quranic injunctions, such as Surah Al-Anfal (8:58), which allows for the termination of treaties in cases of treachery. Tafheemul Quran frames this expulsion as Allah’s action, emphasizing divine justice and warning for future generations.

Verse-by-Verse Analysis and Themes

The commentary in Tafheemul Quran provides detailed explanations for each verse, which can be summarized into key themes. Below is a table summarizing the content of the first 10 verses, as these were accessible and form the basis for the chapter’s main narrative:VerseSummary of Content from Tafheemul Quran 59:1 All in heavens and earth glorify Allah, who is All-Mighty, All-Wise, setting the tone for divine sovereignty. 59:2 Describes the expulsion of the disbelieving Bani an-Nadir, emphasizing it as Allah’s action, not Muslim power, with a lesson for those with insight. 59:3 States that if Allah hadn’t decreed exile, they would face worldly punishment; Fire awaits in the Hereafter for opposing Allah and His Messenger. 59:4 Their fate is due to opposing Allah and His Messenger; Allah is severe in retribution, reinforcing divine justice. 59:5 Cutting or leaving palm-trees standing was by Allah’s permission to disgrace the disobedient, showing divine command in warfare. 59:6 Spoils from them, not taken by horses or camels, are given by Allah to His Messengers over whom He pleases; Allah is All-Powerful, highlighting divine distribution. 59:7 Spoils belong to Allah, His Messenger, kinsfolk, orphans, needy, wayfarers, to not circulate among the rich; obey the Messenger, fear Allah, who is severe in retribution, emphasizing social justice. 59:8 Spoils for poor emigrants expelled from homes and possessions, seeking Allah’s bounty, helping Allah and His Messenger; they are truthful, focusing on support for the marginalized. 59:9 Also for those settled in faith before emigrants, loving emigrants, preferring them despite poverty; those saved from greed prosper, highlighting selflessness of the Ansar. 59:10 For those after them, praying for forgiveness for predecessors in faith, no rancor towards believers; Allah is Full of Kindness, Most Merciful, encouraging unity and forgiveness.

From these verses, several themes emerge:

  • Divine Intervention and Justice: The banishment of the Bani an-Nadir is portrayed as Allah’s direct action, not a result of Muslim military prowess, serving as a warning to those who oppose Allah and His Messenger. This is evident in verses 2-4, where their fate is linked to their disbelief and treachery.
  • Distribution of Spoils: Verses 6-8 detail how the spoils from the Bani an-Nadir were distributed, emphasizing support for the poor emigrants and the Ansar, ensuring wealth does not circulate only among the rich. This reflects Islamic principles of social justice and community welfare.
  • Unity and Support Among Muslims: Verses 9-10 highlight the selflessness of the Ansar, who welcomed and supported the emigrants despite their own poverty, and encourage later generations to pray for forgiveness and maintain unity, fostering a strong community bond.
  • Warning Against Hypocrisy: While not detailed in the first 10 verses, the commentary mentions later sections (e.g., verses 11-17) addressing hypocrites, warning against insincere claims of faith and encouraging true devotion.

Spiritual and Ethical Lessons

Tafheemul Quran emphasizes that Surah Al-Hashr is not just a historical recount but a source of spiritual and ethical guidance. The chapter teaches the importance of trusting in Allah’s power, as seen in the expulsion of the Bani an-Nadir, and the need for Muslims to support each other, especially the vulnerable, through the distribution of spoils. The encouragement to pray for forgiveness and avoid rancor (verse 10) underscores the importance of maintaining harmony and forgiveness within the community, which is crucial for spiritual growth and societal cohesion.

Additional Insights from Commentary

The commentary also notes the chronological context, suggesting that some sections (e.g., verses 11-17) were revealed before the actual banishment, during the notice period, while others (verses 1-10) were revealed afterward. This ordering in the Quran prioritizes the importance of the themes over chronological sequence, focusing on the lessons for future generations. For instance, the admonition against hypocrisy and the call for unity are timeless messages applicable to all Muslims.

Supporting Sources and Accessibility

The primary source for this analysis is the English version of Tafheemul Quran available at Islamic Studies Info – Surah Al-Hashr, which provides verse-by-verse commentary. Additional context was gathered from biharanjuman.org, which offers downloadable PDFs of Tafheemul Quran in English, such as Tafheemul Quran English PDF, though direct access to the PDF content was not feasible in this analysis. These sources ensure the summary aligns with Maududi’s interpretation, as requested by the user.

Conclusion

Surah Al-Hashr, as interpreted in Tafheemul Quran, is a rich narrative of divine justice, community support, and spiritual guidance. It recounts the historical event of the Bani an-Nadir’s banishment, emphasizes the equitable distribution of resources, and calls for unity and forgiveness among Muslims, offering lessons that remain relevant for contemporary Islamic practice and community building.

Quran, listen ,read translation, understand & act

Chapter 60/ Al Mumtahana

Summary of the chapter & the links: 

1. Audio discussion of the chapter summary: 

https://notebooklm.google.com/notebook/10b097fc-6dbd-4161-a3aa-841a7cb5122b/audio

2. Mesmerizing recitation of the chapter with English translation:

https://surahquran.com/sorah-english-60.html

3. Free app for complete Quran , translations in multiple world languages: https://apps.apple.com/app/id1118663303

4. Free app for complete Quran, recitation, multiple tafaseer, books of ahadees: https://apps.apple.com/app/id1006098149

Based on Tafheem-ul-Quran by Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi, Surah Al-Mumtahanah (Chapter 60) addresses core themes of loyalty, social relations, and ethical conduct for believers, summarized as follows:

1. Prohibition of Alliance with Enemies (Verses 1-3)

  • Believers are forbidden from forming alliances or showing affection toward those who actively oppose Allah and the Muslim community. This includes enemies who persecuted Muslims, expelled them from Mecca, and rejected the Truth (Islam) .
  • The surah warns that such alliances constitute a grave deviation from the “Straight Path,” emphasizing that familial or worldly ties (e.g., children or relatives) will not benefit anyone on the Day of Judgment .

2. Exemplary Conduct of Prophet Ibrahim (Verses 4-6)

  • Ibrahim (AS) and his followers are presented as the ideal model for believers. They openly renounced their people and idols, declaring eternal enmity toward polytheism while maintaining trust in Allah .
  • The exception is Ibrahim’s prayer for his father’s forgiveness, illustrating that compassion is permitted only when it does not compromise faith .

3. Exception for Non-Hostile Disbelievers (Verses 7-9)

  • Distinction in Treatment: Muslims may show kindness and justice to disbelievers who neither fought against them nor participated in their expulsion from Mecca (e.g., tribes like Khuza’ah who maintained peace treaties) .
  • Prohibition of Support to Aggressors: Active enemies of Islam—those who waged war, expelled Muslims, or supported such acts—must not be aided. Supporting them is deemed “oppression” (ẓulm) .
  • Divine Hope for Reconciliation: Allah may transform enmity into affection (as occurred after Mecca’s conquest when former foes embraced Islam) .

4. Directives on Emigrant Women (Verses 10-11)

  • Women fleeing disbelief (e.g., from Mecca to Medina) must be tested to verify their sincere embrace of Islam, not merely escape from marital strife .
  • Marriage between Muslim women and disbelieving husbands is invalidated, and dowries paid to such husbands must be reclaimed. Conversely, dowries for Muslim men marrying disbelieving women are forfeited .

5. Pledge of Allegiance from Women (Verse 12)

  • Women pledging allegiance to Islam must commit to avoiding major sins:
    • Shirk (associating partners with Allah).
    • Theft and adultery.
    • Infanticide.
    • Slander.
    • Disobedience to the Prophet in righteousness .

6. Theological Conclusion (Verse 13)

  • The surah reiterates the prohibition of alliances with those who incur Allah’s wrath, underscoring divine authority over all relationships .

Key Themes in Tafheem-ul-Quran’s Analysis

  • Conditional Loyalty: Loyalty to the Muslim community (Ummah) takes precedence over tribal or familial bonds when conflicts arise with core Islamic principles .
  • Practical Ethics: Justice and kindness to non-hostile groups are not just permitted but encouraged, reflecting Islam’s balanced approach to social relations .
  • Historical Context: Revelations responded to incidents like Hatib ibn Abi Balta’ah’s attempted betrayal (warning Meccans of Muslim plans), highlighting the gravity of compromising communal security .

Conclusion

Surah Al-Mumtahanah delineates a framework for Muslim identity: unwavering loyalty to the faith and community, balanced with justice toward non-aggressive outsiders. Its directives—rooted in the examples of Ibrahim and early Muslims—aim to fortify believers’ commitment while allowing pragmatic compassion where no threat exists. For deeper exploration, refer to Tafheem-ul-Quran directly .

Key Points

  • Surah Al-Mumtahana (Chapter 60) focuses on maintaining loyalty to Islam and avoiding alliances with those who oppose it, particularly those who have harmed Muslims.
  • It emphasizes individual accountability on the Day of Judgment and presents Prophet Abraham as a model for disassociating from disbelievers.
  • The chapter allows kindness toward non-hostile disbelievers while forbidding friendships with those who have fought or expelled Muslims.
  • It provides guidance on handling believing women who emigrate, including examining their faith and managing marital ties.
  • The evidence leans toward this chapter being revealed during a time of tension with the pagans of Makkah, offering clear ethical and legal principles for early Muslims.

Overview

Surah Al-Mumtahana, the 60th chapter of the Quran, is a Medinan surah that addresses the relationship between Muslims and non-Muslims, focusing on loyalty, disassociation, and community support. According to Tafheemul Quran by Syed Abul Ala Maududi, it was revealed during a period of tension, particularly after the Treaty of Hudaibiyah, and provides guidance on maintaining faith and handling specific social issues.

Main Themes

  • Loyalty and Disassociation: The chapter warns against befriending enemies of Islam, using the example of Hatib bin Abi Baltaa, who secretly informed the pagans of Makkah, to illustrate the importance of loyalty to the Muslim community.
  • Individual Accountability: It stresses that on the Day of Judgment, no one will benefit from kinship or offspring, emphasizing personal responsibility.
  • Example of Abraham: Prophet Abraham and his followers are presented as models for disassociating from disbelievers and seeking Allah’s forgiveness.
  • Treatment of Non-Muslims: It permits kindness and justice toward non-hostile disbelievers but forbids alliances with those who have fought or expelled Muslims.
  • Guidance for Emigrant Women: The chapter outlines procedures for examining the faith of believing women who emigrate and handling their marital and financial ties.

Historical Context

The surah seems likely to have been revealed during a time of conflict with the pagans of Makkah, addressing incidents like Hatib’s secret letter and the emigration of Muslim women, providing legal and ethical clarity for early Muslims.

Survey Note: Detailed Analysis of Chapter 60 (Surah Al-Mumtahana) from Tafheemul Quran

This section provides a comprehensive exploration of Surah Al-Mumtahana (Chapter 60) as interpreted in Tafheemul Quran by Syed Abul Ala Maududi, ensuring a thorough understanding of its themes, historical context, and spiritual implications. The analysis is grounded in the detailed commentary available from various online sources, focusing exclusively on Tafheemul Quran for accuracy and relevance.

Introduction and Historical Context

Surah Al-Mumtahana is a Medinan surah, revealed during a period of significant challenges for the early Muslim community in Medina, particularly after the Treaty of Hudaibiyah. The chapter derives its name from the Arabic word “al-mumtahinah,” meaning “she that is to be examined,” which relates to the examination of believing women who emigrate to the Islamic state, as mentioned in verse 10. According to Tafheemul Quran, the surah deals with two key incidents: the secret letter sent by Hatib bin Abi Baltaa to the pagans of Makkah, informing them of the Prophet’s intention to attack, and the emigration of Muslim women from Makkah to Medina after the truce, raising questions about their status under the treaty.

The commentary notes that these events occurred shortly before the conquest of Makkah, a time of heightened tension and preparation for potential conflict. This historical context is crucial for understanding the surah’s emphasis on loyalty, disassociation, and the treatment of new converts, particularly women.

Verse-by-Verse Analysis and Themes

The commentary in Tafheemul Quran provides detailed explanations for each verse, which can be summarized into key themes. Below is a table summarizing the content of all 13 verses, as derived from the commentary:VerseSummary from Tafheemul Quran (Surah Al-Mumtahanah 60:1-13) 60:1 Believers are prohibited from befriending enemies of Allah and Islam, especially those who expelled the Messenger and Muslims for their faith, even if done secretly for personal reasons, as seen in Hatib bin Abi Baltaa’s case. This act leads to straying from the straight path. 60:2 Warns that such enemies, if dominant, would act as foes, hurt Muslims physically and verbally, and wish for their disbelief. 60:3 States that on the Day of Resurrection, neither kinship nor offspring will benefit; Allah will judge individually, seeing all actions. 60:4 Provides Abraham and his companions as a good example for disassociating from disbelievers and their deities, except for Abraham’s pardon request for his father, which is not to be emulated. They prayed for trust in Allah and forgiveness. 60:5 Their prayer seeks not to be a trial for disbelievers and asks for forgiveness, highlighting Allah’s might and wisdom. 60:6 Sets them as an example for those hopeful of Allah and the Last Day; turning away means Allah is self-sufficient and praiseworthy. 60:7 Suggests Allah may foster love between Muslims and former enemies, emphasizing Allah’s power, forgiveness, and mercy. 60:8 Permits kindness and justice towards non-hostile disbelievers who didn’t fight or expel Muslims, as Allah loves the equitable. 60:9 Forbids befriending those who fought Muslims over religion, expelled them, and supported their expulsion, labeling such alliance as wrongdoing. 60:10 Instructs examining emigrant believing women; if confirmed believers, don’t return them to disbelievers, as they’re unlawful for each other. Allows remarriage with new dowers, and addresses dower returns. 60:11 If dowers from disbelievers aren’t received, Muslims should pay equivalent to those left behind, fearing Allah. 60:12 Prophet to take pledges from believing women against polytheism, theft, adultery, killing children, slander, and disobedience in good, then seek forgiveness for them, as Allah is forgiving and merciful. 60:13 Prohibits befriending those under Allah’s wrath, despaired of the Hereafter like disbelievers in graves.

From these verses, several themes emerge:

  • Loyalty and Disassociation: Verses 1-2 emphasize the prohibition of befriending enemies of Islam, using the incident of Hatib bin Abi Baltaa as a cautionary tale. The commentary clarifies that Hatib’s action was not apostasy but espionage, and he was forgiven due to his previous services, highlighting the distinction between intention and action.
  • Individual Accountability: Verse 3 underscores that on the Day of Judgment, no one will benefit from their relatives or children, reinforcing personal responsibility and faith.
  • Example of Abraham: Verses 4-6 present Prophet Abraham and his companions as models for disassociating from disbelievers and seeking Allah’s forgiveness. The commentary notes that Abraham’s plea for his father was a personal request and not to be emulated, as it was not aligned with divine will.
  • Possibility of Reconciliation: Verse 7 suggests that Allah may create love between Muslims and former enemies, showcasing His power and mercy, which provides hope for peaceful relations.
  • Treatment of Non-Muslims: Verses 8-9 distinguish between non-hostile disbelievers, toward whom kindness and justice are permitted, and hostile ones, with whom alliances are forbidden. This reflects a balanced approach to interfaith relations.
  • Guidance for Emigrant Women: Verses 10-11 address the legal and social status of believing women who emigrate, outlining the process of examining their faith, handling their marital ties, and managing dowers. The commentary provides historical examples, such as the emigration of women after the Treaty of Hudaibiyah, and clarifies that they are not to be returned to disbelievers if confirmed as believers.
  • Pledge of Believing Women: Verse 12 details the pledge that believing women must take, renouncing various sins and promising obedience, ensuring their commitment to Islamic principles.
  • Final Warning: Verse 13 reiterates the prohibition against befriending those under Allah’s wrath, emphasizing the importance of maintaining loyalty to Allah and the Muslim community.

Historical and Legal Insights

The commentary provides additional context, such as the incident of Asma bint Abu Bakr, who maintained ties with her disbelieving mother while adhering to Islamic principles, illustrating the application of verse 8. It also discusses the legal implications of Hatib’s action, noting that espionage does not equate to apostasy, and provides procedures for examining the faith of emigrant women, which were crucial during the early Islamic period.

The surah’s revelation is linked to the time before the conquest of Makkah, a period of preparation and tension, which explains its focus on loyalty and community strength. The commentary suggests that these verses were revealed to address specific challenges faced by the Muslim community, such as secret communications with enemies and the integration of new converts.

Spiritual and Ethical Lessons

Tafheemul Quran emphasizes that Surah Al-Mumtahana is not just a historical recount but a source of spiritual and ethical guidance. It teaches the importance of maintaining clear boundaries with those who oppose Islam while showing mercy and justice to those who are not hostile. The chapter encourages unity and support within the Muslim community, especially in times of conflict, and highlights the potential for reconciliation, reflecting Allah’s mercy and power.

The emphasis on individual accountability and the example of Prophet Abraham underscore the importance of personal faith and trust in Allah, while the guidance on emigrant women addresses practical issues of integration and social cohesion. The final warning against befriending those under Allah’s wrath reinforces the need for loyalty and obedience to divine commands.

Supporting Sources and Accessibility

The primary source for this analysis is the English version of Tafheemul Quran available at Islamic Studies Info – Tafheemul Quran Surah Al-Mumtahana, which provides verse-by-verse commentary. Additional context was gathered from quran411.com, which mentions Tafsir by Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi, and englishtafsir.com, which also offers detailed commentary. These sources ensure the summary aligns with Maududi’s interpretation, as requested by the user.

Conclusion

Surah Al-Mumtahana, as interpreted in Tafheemul Quran, is a rich narrative of loyalty, disassociation, and community support, addressing the complex relationships between Muslims and non-Muslims during the early Islamic period. It provides clear guidance on maintaining faith, handling specific social and legal issues, and fostering unity, offering lessons that remain relevant for contemporary Islamic practice and community building.

Quran, listen ,read translation, understand & act

Chapter 62/Al Jumu’ah

Summary of the chapter & the links: 

1. Audio discussion of the chapter summary: 

https://notebooklm.google.com/notebook/e693b720-c313-4fec-8140-35131d85a7c0/audio

2. Mesmerizing recitation of the chapter with English translation:

https://surahquran.com/sorah-english-62.html

3. Free app for complete Quran , translations in multiple world languages: https://apps.apple.com/app/id1118663303

4. Free app for complete Quran, recitation, multiple tafaseer, books of ahadees: https://apps.apple.com/app/id1006098149

Based on Tafheem-ul-Quran by Sayyid Abul A’la Maududi, here is a concise summary of Surah Al-Jumu’ah (Chapter 62):

📜 Overview

  • Name: “Al-Jumu’ah” (The Congregation), named after the Friday congregational prayer commanded in Verse 9 .
  • Revelation: Medinan, revealed in two parts: Verses 1-8 around 7 AH (after the conquest of Khaybar), and Verses 9-11 shortly after the Hijrah .
  • Central Theme: Critiques Jewish negligence of divine guidance, establishes the Prophet’s universal mission, and mandates Friday prayer etiquette .

🔍 Key Sections & Themes

  1. Verses 1-4: Divine Sovereignty & the Prophet’s Mission
  • All creation glorifies Allah as the Sovereign, Holy, Almighty, and All-Wise .
  • Allah sent Prophet Muhammad ﷺ among the unlettered Arabs (rejecting Jewish elitism) to:
    • Recite divine revelations (Quran).
    • Spiritually purify believers.
    • Teach the “Book” (Quran) and “Wisdom” (Sunnah) .
  • This mission rescued Arabs from “manifest error” (pre-Islamic ignorance) .
  • The Prophet’s message extends beyond Arabs to future generations (e.g., Persians), affirming its universality .
  1. Verses 5-8: Condemnation of Jewish Hypocrisy
  • Jews entrusted with the Torah are likened to a donkey carrying books—aware of scripture but devoid of understanding .
  • Their claim of being “Allah’s chosen allies” is refuted: They fear death due to sinfulness, exposing their insincerity .
  • A warning: Death is inevitable, and all deeds will be judged by Allah .
  1. Verses 9-11: Friday Prayer Obligations
  • Commandments for believers:
    • Upon the Friday call to prayer, cease all worldly activities (trade, entertainment).
    • Hasten to Allah’s remembrance (sermon and prayer).
    • Resume activities post-prayer .
  • Historical context: Revealed after Companions abandoned the Prophet’s sermon to greet a trade caravan, leaving only 12 men in the mosque .
  • Rebuke: Worldly gains (“trade or amusement”) are inferior to Allah’s rewards .

💡 Key Lessons from Tafheem-ul-Quran

  • Universality of Islam: The Prophet’s mission dismantles ethnic/religious exclusivity (e.g., Jewish claims) .
  • Accountability: Neglecting divine guidance—despite possessing scripture—invites divine censure .
  • Prioritizing Faith: Friday prayer demands undivided attention to spiritual duties over materialism .

🌟 Conclusion

Surah Al-Jumu’ah underscores Allah’s wisdom in choosing Prophet Muhammad ﷺ to guide humanity, critiques the hypocrisy of earlier scripture-bearers, and institutionalizes Friday prayer as a pillar of Muslim communal life. Its commandments emphasize spiritual discipline and rejection of worldly distractions during worship .

Key Points

  • It seems likely that Surah Al-Jumu’ah (Chapter 62) was revealed after the Battle of Uhud, focusing on the Jews’ denial of Prophet Muhammad and the importance of Friday Prayer.
  • The evidence leans toward the surah emphasizing Allah’s universal message, warning against hypocrisy, and prioritizing spiritual duties over worldly gains.
  • There is some debate around the historical context, but research suggests it addresses economic challenges faced by early Muslims.

Overview

Surah Al-Jumu’ah, the 62nd chapter of the Quran, is a Medinan surah that seems to have been revealed during a challenging period for the Muslim community, likely after the Battle of Uhud. It addresses the Jews’ rejection of Prophet Muhammad’s prophethood, highlights the universal nature of Islam, and emphasizes the importance of the Friday Prayer as a communal obligation.

Summary

The surah begins by glorifying Allah and notes that He sent Prophet Muhammad as a messenger to the gentiles (non-Jews), countering the Jews’ claims of racial superiority. It criticizes the Jews for failing to uphold the Torah, likening them to a donkey carrying books, and challenges their arrogance by asking them to wish for death if they believe they are Allah’s favorites. The latter part focuses on the Friday Prayer, urging believers to prioritize it over trading and recounting an incident where some companions left the Prophet’s sermon for a trade caravan, teaching the value of spiritual over material gains.

Supporting Information

For further reading, the commentary can be found at:

Detailed Analysis and Background

This section provides a comprehensive exploration of Surah Al-Jumu’ah (Chapter 62) as interpreted in Tafheemul Quran by Syed Abul Ala Maududi, ensuring a thorough understanding of its themes, historical context, and spiritual implications. The analysis is grounded in the detailed commentary available from various online sources, focusing exclusively on Tafheemul Quran for accuracy and relevance, as requested by the user.

Introduction and Historical Context

Surah Al-Jumu’ah is a Medinan surah, revealed shortly after the Battle of Uhud (A.H. 3), a period marked by internal challenges within the Muslim community, including economic difficulties due to blockades and the presence of hypocrites. The chapter derives its name from the Arabic word “al-jumu’ah,” meaning “the Friday,” which appears in verse 9, referring to the day of congregational Prayer. According to Tafheemul Quran, the surah addresses two main issues: the Jews’ denial of Prophet Muhammad’s prophethood and the establishment of the Friday Prayer as a communal obligation during a time of economic hardship.

The historical context involves the aftermath of Uhud, where the Muslim community faced setbacks and needed encouragement to remain steadfast. The commentary notes that this period was crucial for addressing the challenges of hypocrisy and inconsistency, particularly in light of the Jews’ rejection of the Prophet despite clear signs of his prophethood. The surah’s revelation is linked to the economic challenges faced by early Muslims, as seen in the incident of the trade caravan during the Friday sermon, which is detailed in the commentary.

Verse-by-Verse Analysis and Themes

The commentary in Tafheemul Quran provides detailed explanations for each verse, which can be summarized into key themes. Below is a table summarizing the content of all 11 verses, as derived from the commentary:VerseSummary of Content from Tafheemul Quran 62:1 Everything in the heavens and earth glorifies Allah, the Sovereign, Holy, All-Mighty, All-Wise, emphasizing His justice and lack of favoritism, relevant to the Jews’ racial superiority claims. 62:2 Allah sent a Messenger from the gentiles (ummis, non-Jews) to recite His verses, purify lives, and teach the Book and wisdom, despite their previous error, proving his prophethood. 62:3 The Messenger is also sent to others who have not yet joined them, emphasizing Allah’s universal message, as He is All-Mighty, All-Wise. 62:4 Allah’s favor is bestowed on whom He wills, and He is the Possessor of great bounty, highlighting His discretion in guidance. 62:5 The parable of those entrusted with the Torah but failed to uphold it is like a donkey carrying books, worse for denying Allah’s signs, as Allah does not guide wrongdoers. 62:6 Jews are challenged to wish for death if they claim to be Allah’s favorites, addressing their arrogance. 62:7 They will never wish for death due to their evil deeds, as Allah is All-Knowing of wrongdoers, reflecting their fear of consequences. 62:8 Death they flee will overtake them, and they will return to Allah, the All-Knower of the unseen and manifest, to be informed of their deeds. 62:9 Believers are commanded to hasten to Allah’s remembrance on Friday when the call for Prayer is made, leave trading, better if known. 62:10 After Prayer, disperse, seek Allah’s Bounty, remember Allah much for prosperity. 62:11 Some saw trading or amusement, rushed to it, left Prophet standing; told them Allah’s reward is better than amusement/trading, Allah is Best Provider.

From these verses, several themes emerge:

  • Universal Prophethood and Rejection by Jews: Verses 1-4 emphasize Allah’s sovereignty and the sending of Prophet Muhammad to the gentiles, countering the Jews’ claims of racial superiority. The commentary notes that the term “ummis” refers to non-Jews, highlighting the universal message of Islam.
  • Warning Against Hypocrisy and Arrogance: Verses 5-8 draw lessons from the Jews’ failure to uphold the Torah, using the parable of the donkey to illustrate their denial and challenging their arrogance by asking them to wish for death, which they fear due to their evil deeds.
  • Importance of Friday Prayer: Verses 9-11 focus on the Friday Prayer, urging believers to prioritize it over worldly pursuits like trading. The incident of the trade caravan, where some companions left the Prophet’s sermon, is recounted to teach the value of spiritual over material gains, with Allah promising greater rewards.

Historical and Juristic Insights

The commentary provides additional context, such as the incident of the trade caravan during the Friday sermon, which involved 12 companions remaining with the Prophet, including notable figures like Abu Bakr, Umar, Uthman, and Ali. This incident is seen as a reflection of the early stage of their training and the economic blockade they faced, not a weakness in faith. The commentary cites traditions from Hasan Basri and Ibn Jarir, suggesting that Allah used this to teach the etiquette of the Friday service.

The surah also includes juristic details regarding the Friday Prayer, which vary by Islamic school of thought, as summarized below:SchoolTimeBusiness ProhibitionMinimum Men RequiredExemptions Hanafi Same as Zuhr At first call 3 (or 2 including Imam) Travelers, sick, blind, etc. Shafei Same as Zuhr At second call 40 including Imam Travelers (4 days or less), sick, blind, etc. Maliki From sun decline to before sunset At second call (void post-call) 12 apart from Imam Travelers, sick, heavy rain, etc. Hanbali From sun a spear’s length high to Asr At second call (no legal effect post-call) 40 including Imam Travelers (4 days or less), sick, blind, etc.

These details are derived from classical texts like Hedayah, Al-Fath ul-Qadir, Mughni al-Muhtaj, Hashiyah ad-Dusuqi, and Ghayat al-Muntaha, as mentioned in the commentary.

Spiritual and Ethical Lessons

Tafheemul Quran emphasizes that Surah Al-Jumu’ah is not just a historical recount but a source of spiritual and ethical guidance. It teaches the importance of recognizing Allah’s universal message and rejecting racial or communal superiority, as seen in the critique of the Jews. The parable of the donkey underscores the danger of possessing knowledge without understanding or action, warning against hypocrisy. The emphasis on Friday Prayer highlights the need for communal unity and prioritizing spiritual duties, with the incident of the trade caravan serving as a lesson in balancing worldly and spiritual responsibilities.

Supporting Sources and Accessibility

The primary source for this analysis is the English version of Tafheemul Quran available at:

Additional context was gathered from biharanjuman.org, which offers downloadable PDFs of Tafheemul Quran in English, such as [Tafheemul Quran English PDF]([invalid url, do not cite]), though direct access to the PDF content was not feasible in this analysis. These sources ensure the summary aligns with Maududi’s interpretation, as requested by the user.

Conclusion

Surah Al-Jumu’ah, as interpreted in Tafheemul Quran, is a rich narrative of universal prophethood, community worship, and ethical guidance, addressing the challenges faced by the early Muslim community post-Uhud. It critiques the Jews’ denial, establishes the Friday Prayer as a central practice, and teaches the importance of sincerity and balance between worldly and spiritual pursuits, offering lessons that remain relevant for contemporary Islamic practice and community building.

Quran, listen ,read translation, understand & act

Chapter 39/ Al Zumar

Summary of the chapter & the links: 

1. Audio discussion of the chapter summary: 

https://notebooklm.google.com/notebook/85d62e22-60f3-49b9-ac75-2358d0caffa0/audio

2. Mesmerizing recitation of the chapter with English translation:

https://surahquran.com/sorah-english-39.html

3. Free app for complete Quran , translations in multiple world languages: https://apps.apple.com/app/id1118663303

4. Free app for complete Quran, recitation, multiple tafaseer, books of ahadees: https://apps.apple.com/app/id1006098149

Here is a concise summary of Surah Az-Zumar (Chapter 39) from Tafheemul Quran by Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi:

📜 Introduction

  • Name: Derived from the term “zumar” (groups) in verses 71 and 73, referring to the division of humanity into believers and disbelievers on Judgment Day .
  • Revelation Period: Revealed in Mecca before the migration to Abyssinia (Habash), as indicated by Verse 10 (“Allah’s earth is vast”), which comforted persecuted Muslims .
  • Central Theme: Tawhid (monotheism) and the rejection of shirk (associating partners with Allah). The Surah emphasizes sincere worship (ikhlas) and divine sovereignty .

⚖️ Core Theological Themes

  1. Sincere Worship (Verses 1-3):
  • The Quran’s revelation is from Allah, the “All-Mighty, All-Wise” .
  • Religion must be devoted exclusively to Allah. Polytheists who worship intermediaries (e.g., idols or saints) to “draw closer to Allah” are condemned as liars and disbelievers .
  1. Allah’s Sovereignty (Verses 4-6):
  • Allah is the sole Creator of the heavens, earth, and humanity. His oneness (“There is no god but He”) negates pagan concepts of divine offspring .
  • Natural phenomena (e.g., night/day cycles, human creation in the womb) are signs of His wisdom .
  1. Accountability and Repentance (Verses 7-11, 53-55):
  • Humans face adversity with prayer but forget Allah in prosperity, exposing their ingratitude .
  • Allah’s mercy is stressed: “He forgives all sins for those who repent sincerely” before death .

⚔️ Key Arguments Against Polytheism

  • Logical Inconsistency: Polytheists admit Allah created the universe yet worship powerless idols (Verse 38). These false deities cannot avert harm or bestow mercy .
  • Consequences of Shirk: Idolaters incur “disgrace in this world” and “everlasting torment” in Hell (Verses 26, 71-72) .

☀️ Contrast: Believers vs. Disbelievers

  • Believers:
  • Worship with humility, pray at night, and fear the Hereafter (Verse 9) .
  • Rewarded with Paradise: “high mansions with flowing rivers” (Verse 20) .
  • Disbelievers:
  • Hearts “harden” against divine signs (Verse 22). On Judgment Day, they are “driven in groups” to Hell (Verses 71-73) .

🧭 Practical Guidance

  • Migration for Faith: If persecuted, Muslims may emigrate (hijrah) since “Allah’s earth is vast” (Verse 10) .
  • Prophetic Resolve: Muslims are urged to remain steadfast against opposition, declaring: “Work according to your way; I am working… Soon you will know [the consequences]” (Verse 39) .

💎 Conclusion

The Surah culminates in a vivid depiction of Judgment Day:

  • Allah folds the heavens “in His Right Hand” and holds the earth in His grasp (Verse 67), manifesting His unmatched power .
  • Humanity is divided into zumar (groups) entering Paradise or Hell, affirming divine justice .

Key Takeaway: Surah Az-Zumar is a profound call to purify worship for Allah alone, warning against shirk while offering hope through repentance and divine mercy.

Surah Az-Zumar (Chapter 39) in Tafheem-ul-Quran, authored by Syed Abul Ala Maududi, emphasizes the core themes of monotheism (Tawhid), sincere worship of Allah, and the consequences of belief and disbelief. Below is a summary of the key points and themes of Surah Az-Zumar as explained in Tafheem-ul-Quran, divided into its eight sections (rukuhs) based on Maududi’s commentary:

  1. Verses 1-9 (Revelation and Worship of Allah Alone): The Surah begins by affirming that the Quran is a divine revelation from Allah, the Mighty and Wise. It stresses the importance of worshipping Allah with complete sincerity, free from associating partners (shirk). The demand is to make religion exclusively for Allah, as He is the sole Creator and Sustainer. The commentary highlights that true worship involves aligning one’s entire life with Allah’s guidance.
  2. Verses 10-21 (Patience and Reward): Believers are urged to be patient and steadfast in their devotion, with promises of immense rewards in the Hereafter. Maududi explains that those who strive for Allah’s cause and remain patient will receive provision in this world and paradise in the next. The contrast is drawn between the righteous, who follow divine guidance, and those who reject it, facing ruin.
  3. Verses 22-31 (Guidance and Misguidance): This section contrasts those whose hearts are opened to Islam, walking in divine light, with those who remain blind to guidance. Maududi emphasizes that the Quran serves as a clear guide, and those who reject it are likened to the spiritually blind, unable to discern truth from falsehood.
  4. Verses 32-41 (Consequences of Rejecting Truth): The commentary discusses the fate of those who lie against Allah and deny His signs. Maududi explains that such individuals will face severe consequences, while those who accept the truth will find salvation. The Surah uses analogies, like rain reviving the earth, to illustrate how divine guidance revives hearts.
  5. Verses 42-52 (Allah’s Power over Life and Death): Allah’s authority over life, death, and the soul is highlighted, particularly in verse 42, which discusses how Allah takes souls during death and sleep. Maududi explains this as a sign of Allah’s control over existence, urging reflection on His power. The section also warns of the consequences of associating partners with Allah.
  6. Verses 53-63 (Repentance and Mercy): A key theme here is Allah’s mercy and forgiveness. Maududi underscores the verse encouraging sinners not to despair, as Allah forgives all sins for those who sincerely repent. However, those who persist in disbelief and reject the truth will face punishment. The commentary emphasizes the balance between hope in Allah’s mercy and fear of His justice.
  7. Verses 64-70 (Rejection of Falsehood): This section condemns those who worship others besides Allah, calling such actions irrational. Maududi explains that the Surah challenges idol-worshippers to recognize the futility of their beliefs, as only Allah holds ultimate power. The Day of Judgment is described, where truth will prevail.
  8. Verses 71-75 (The Hereafter): The Surah concludes with a vivid description of the Day of Judgment, where people will be divided into groups—believers and disbelievers. Maududi notes that believers will enter paradise, greeted with peace, while disbelievers will face punishment in hell. The commentary emphasizes the ultimate justice of Allah and the eternal consequences of one’s choices.

Overall Message: According to Tafheem-ul-Quran, Surah Az-Zumar focuses on the oneness of Allah (Tawhid), the necessity of sincere worship, and the reality of the Hereafter. It calls for reflection on Allah’s signs, repentance, and adherence to divine guidance while warning against the consequences of disbelief and associating partners with Allah. The Surah provides a comprehensive framework for living a life devoted to Allah, with hope in His mercy and awareness of His justice.

Note: This summary is based solely on the interpretation provided in Tafheem-ul-Quran by Syed Abul Ala Maududi, as requested, and draws from relevant web sources citing this tafsir. If you need a more detailed breakdown of specific verses or themes, please let me know

Quran, listen ,read translation, understand & act

Chapter 38/ Al Saad

Summary of the chapter & the links: 

1. Audio discussion of the chapter summary: https://notebooklm.google.com/notebook/5fef2fa2-8466-4fde-8ff7-2dfdcba7ac7e/audio

2. Mesmerizing recitation of the chapter with English translation:

https://surahquran.com/sorah-english-38.html

3. Free app for complete Quran , translations in multiple world languages: https://apps.apple.com/app/id1118663303

4. Free app for complete Quran, recitation, multiple tafaseer, books of ahadees: https://apps.apple.com/app/id1006098149

Here is a concise summary of Surah Ṣād (Chapter 38) based exclusively on Tafheem-ul-Quran by Syed Abul A’la Maududi:

📜 Introduction & Historical Context

  • Revelation: Revealed in Makkah during intense opposition to Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ), likely around the 4th–11th year of prophethood. The surah responds to Quraysh leaders’ rejection of Islamic monotheism (Tawhid) and their demand that the Prophet stop condemning their idols .
  • Trigger: Depicts a critical meeting where Quraysh chiefs (including Abu Jahl and Abu Sufyan) pressured Abu Talib to stop the Prophet’s preaching. When offered a compromise, the Prophet insisted on “Lā ilāha illallāh,” provoking their defiant departure .

✨ Core Themes

  1. Arrogance of Disbelievers (Verses 1–11)
  • Opens with Allah swearing by the Quran as a divine reminder (Verse 1). The Quraysh’s rejection stems from “self-glory and opposition” (Verse 2), mocking the Prophet as a “magician” and “liar” for preaching monotheism (Verses 4–7) .
  • Warns that past nations (e.g., Noah, Aad, Pharaoh) were destroyed for similar arrogance, and the Quraysh will face divine punishment unless they repent (Verses 12–14) .
  1. Accountability of Prophets (Verses 17–48)
  • David (Dāwūd): Tested when two litigants entered his prayer chamber seeking judgment. Despite his wisdom, he realized partiality in his initial ruling and immediately repented. Allah forgave him, emphasizing that even prophets are accountable (Verses 17–26) .
  • Solomon (Sulaymān): Temporarily distracted by his prized horses, neglecting remembrance of Allah. After recognizing his error, he repented and was granted unparalleled kingdom and power over wind/jinn (Verses 30–40) .
  • Job (Ayyūb): Afflicted by Satan with severe illness but remained patient. Allah restored his health, family, and wealth, teaching him to fulfill an oath symbolically (striking his wife with grass blades) without literal harshness (Verses 41–44) .
  1. Eschatology: Dual Destinies (Verses 49–64)
  • Paradise: The righteous enter eternal gardens with open gates, enjoying fruits, drinks, and pure companions (Verses 49–54) .
  • Hell: Transgressors face boiling fluids, pus, and mutual blame. Leaders and followers will curse each other, realizing too late their misguidance (Verses 55–64) .
  1. Satan’s Arrogance & Humanity’s Test (Verses 65–88)
  • Iblis (Satan) refused Allah’s command to prostrate before Adam, boasting of his fiery origin over clay. Cursed and granted respite until Judgment Day, he vowed to mislead humanity except Allah’s sincere servants (Verses 71–85) .
  • The surah concludes affirming the Quran as a universal warning, with Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) tasked only with delivering this truth (Verses 87–88) .

💎 Key Takeaways from Tafheem-ul-Quran

  • Divine Justice: No one, not even prophets, is exempt from accountability. David and Solomon exemplify repentance after errors .
  • Historical Parallels: Quraysh’s defiance mirrors past destroyed nations and Satan’s pride, underscoring inevitable divine retribution .
  • Practical Lessons: True faith requires humility in repentance (like Solomon) and patience in trials (like Job). The surah validates Prophet Muhammad’s (ﷺ) mission against Meccan skepticism .

“This is a reminder; the righteous will have a good return.” (Quran 38:49) .

Surah As-Sad (Chapter 38) of the Qur’an, as explained in Tafheem-ul-Qur’an by Abul A’la Maududi, focuses on affirming the truth of the Qur’an, the mission of Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him), and the consequences of accepting or rejecting divine guidance. Below is a summary based solely on the Tafheem-ul-Qur’an commentary:

  1. Affirmation of the Qur’an and Warning to Disbelievers (Verses 1-14):
    The surah opens with an oath by the Qur’an, described as “full of admonition,” emphasizing its divine origin and truth. It addresses the disbelief of the Makkan Quraysh, who rejected Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) out of pride and arrogance, despite the clarity of his message. The surah warns them of the consequences faced by past nations (e.g., those of Noah, ‘Ad, Thamud, and Pharaoh) who rejected their prophets, highlighting that divine punishment is inevitable for those who persist in denial.
  2. Story of Prophet David (Dawud) (Verses 15-26):
    The narrative of Prophet David illustrates divine favor and human accountability. David, endowed with kingship and wisdom, is tested when two litigants approach him with a dispute over sheep. His hasty judgment prompts reflection, and he seeks forgiveness from Allah for any oversight. This story underscores the importance of justice, humility, and repentance, even for a prophet, and serves as a lesson for leaders and believers to remain mindful of their responsibilities.
  3. Story of Prophet Solomon (Sulaiman) (Verses 27-40):
    Solomon’s story highlights his wisdom, power, and gratitude to Allah. He is granted control over the wind, jinn, and animals, yet remains devoted to his Lord. When tested with a trial (the placement of a body on his throne), he repents and seeks Allah’s forgiveness, reaffirming his reliance on divine mercy. The narrative contrasts his humility with the arrogance of the disbelievers, emphasizing that worldly power is a test and a trust from Allah.
  4. Story of Prophet Job (Ayyub) (Verses 41-44):
    Job’s story focuses on his patience and steadfastness during severe trials of illness and loss. He prays to Allah for relief, and Allah restores his health and family, doubling his blessings as a reward for his perseverance. This serves as an example for believers to remain patient and trust in Allah during hardships.
  5. Mention of Other Prophets and the Righteous (Verses 45-64):
    The surah briefly mentions Prophets Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, Ishmael, Elisha, and Dhul-Kifl, praising their excellence and devotion to Allah. It contrasts their righteousness with the fate of the disbelievers, who will face Hellfire, where they will argue among themselves, blaming their leaders for their misguidance. This section reinforces the rewards of faith and the consequences of rejecting divine guidance.
  6. Final Admonition and the Qur’an’s Purpose (Verses 65-88):
    The surah concludes by reaffirming the Prophet Muhammad’s (peace be upon him) mission as a warner to humanity. It emphasizes the Qur’an’s role as a universal message of truth, not a source of personal gain for the Prophet. The disbelievers’ accusations against him are refuted, and they are warned of the Day of Judgment, where Allah’s justice will prevail. The surah ends with a declaration of Allah’s oneness and a call for patience in conveying the divine message.

Overall Message:
According to Tafheem-ul-Qur’an, Surah As-Sad emphasizes the authenticity of the Qur’an as divine revelation and the truth of Prophet Muhammad’s (peace be upon him) mission. Through the stories of Prophets David, Solomon, and Job, it illustrates themes of divine favor, human accountability, repentance, and patience. The surah warns the Quraysh and all disbelievers of the consequences of rejecting the truth, drawing parallels with past nations, while encouraging believers to remain steadfast and trust in Allah’s ultimate justice.

This summary is derived exclusively from the Tafheem-ul-Qur’an commentary on Surah As-Sad, as available in the referenced sources.

Islamic knowledge

Chapter 37/ Al Saffat

Summary of the chapter & the links: 

1. Audio discussion of the chapter summary: https://notebooklm.google.com/notebook/c54dc71c-b512-4753-a9a6-10a1405369c2/audio

2. Mesmerizing recitation of the chapter with English translation:

https://surahquran.com/sorah-english-37.html

3. Free app for complete Quran , translations in multiple world languages: https://apps.apple.com/app/id1118663303

4. Free app for complete Quran, recitation, multiple tafaseer, books of ahadees: https://apps.apple.com/app/id1006098149

Here is a summary of Surah As-Saffat (Chapter 37) based exclusively on Tafheem-ul-Quran by Syed Abul A’la Maududi:

📜 Introduction

  • Name & Theme: Titled “Those Who Set The Ranks”, referring to angels aligned in divine service. The surah emphasizes monotheism (Tawhid), resurrection, and the rejection of pagan superstitions .
  • Revelation Context: Revealed in Makkah during intense persecution of Muslims. It addresses Quraysh leaders mocking Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) and denying the Hereafter .
  • Structure: 182 verses divided into three thematic sections .

✨ Core Messages

1. Eschatology: Divine Oneness & Judgment (Verses 1-74)

  • Angelic Ranks: Opens with angels sworn in rows, affirming Allah’s absolute oneness as Lord of all creation .
  • Disbelievers’ Fate:
  • Mocks the Quraysh for ridiculing resurrection, calling the Quran “sorcery” (37:15).
  • On Judgment Day, disbelievers will be gathered with their false deities, mutually blaming each other before entering Hell (37:22-33) .
  • Believers’ Reward: The righteous enjoy Paradise with eternal delights—pure drinks, fruits, and noble companions (37:40-49) .

2. Prophetic Narratives: Trials & Triumphs (Verses 75-148)

Key stories highlight submission to Allah and divine deliverance:

  • Noah: Saved from the flood; his enemies drowned (37:75-82) .
  • Abraham:
  • Smashes idols, debates polytheism (37:83-98).
  • Passes the ultimate test by willingly preparing to sacrifice Ismail (37:99-111) .
  • Moses & Aaron: Given the Torah and victory over Pharaoh (37:114-122) .
  • Jonah: Swallowed by a fish after abandoning his mission; saved when he repented (37:139-148) .

3. Refutation of Paganism & Final Warning (Verses 149-182)

  • Rebuttal of Superstitions: Condemns the Quraysh’s claim that angels were Allah’s “daughters” (37:149-157) .
  • Divine Transcendence: Allah is beyond human attributions; only the rebellious worship false gods (37:161-163) .
  • Ultimate Triumph: Closes with a prophecy: Despite current persecution, believers will prevail, and Allah’s message will endure (37:171-182) .

💎 Key Takeaways from Tafheem-ul-Quran

  1. Theological Foundation: Reaffirms Allah’s oneness, linking cosmic order (stars, angels) to His sovereignty .
  2. Moral Contrast: Juxtaposes the humility of prophets with the arrogance of disbelievers, underscoring accountability in the Hereafter .
  3. Contemporary Relevance: Maududi stresses that faith requires action—like Abraham’s sacrifice—and warns against cultural superstitions .
  4. Historical Context: The surah’s prophecy of Muslim victory (37:172-173) materialized with the conquest of Makkah .

“This is not empty consolation but an inevitable reality.” — Tafheem on divine promise (37:172) .

This summary distills Maududi’s analysis, which blends classical exegesis with modern application, emphasizing the Quran’s timeless guidance against idolatry and moral complacency .

Surah As-Saffat (Chapter 37) of the Qur’an, as explained in Tafheem-ul-Qur’an by Abul A’la Maududi, focuses on three main themes: affirming monotheism, the truth of prophethood, and the reality of the Day of Judgment. Below is a summary based solely on the Tafheem-ul-Qur’an commentary, as requested:

  1. Affirmation of Monotheism and Resurrection (Verses 1-21):
    The surah begins with an oath by the angels, described as those who “range in ranks,” drive clouds, and recite divine reminders, emphasizing their obedience to Allah. It establishes the oneness of Allah (Tawheed) and refutes polytheism by highlighting the order and purpose of the universe, which points to a single, all-powerful Creator. The disbelievers’ mockery of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) and their denial of the Resurrection are addressed. The surah vividly describes the Day of Judgment, where the disbelievers will be shocked to see the reality of the afterlife they denied, facing accountability for their actions.
  2. Stories of the Prophets (Verses 22-138):
    The second section recounts the stories of several prophets to reinforce the truth of prophethood and divine guidance. Key narratives include:
  1. Victory of Monotheism and Final Admonition (Verses 139-182):
    The surah concludes by affirming the ultimate triumph of the doctrine of Tawheed (oneness of God) over falsehood. It warns the disbelievers of Makkah, particularly the Quraysh, of the consequences of rejecting the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) and denying the Qur’an. The surah emphasizes that Allah’s judgment is inevitable, and the truth will prevail. It ends with a declaration of Allah’s glory and a prayer for peace upon the messengers, reinforcing their honor and the certainty of divine justice.

Overall Message:
Surah As-Saffat, as per Tafheem-ul-Qur’an, serves as a powerful reminder of Allah’s unity, the truth of His messengers, and the certainty of the Hereafter. It encourages steadfastness in faith, warns against disbelief and idolatry, and reassures believers of divine support and the ultimate victory of truth. The stories of past prophets serve as lessons for the Quraysh and all humanity, urging them to heed the message of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) and prepare for the Day of Judgment.

  • Prophet Noah (Nuh): He called his people to worship Allah alone, but they rejected him. Allah saved him and his followers in the ark while the disbelievers were drowned.
  • Prophet Abraham (Ibrahim): He confronted his people’s idolatry, destroyed their idols, and was thrown into a fire, but Allah miraculously saved him, demonstrating divine protection for His messengers.
  • Prophets Moses (Musa) and Aaron (Harun): They were sent to guide the Children of Israel and Pharaoh, with Allah granting them victory over their oppressors.
  • Prophet Elijah (Ilyas): He opposed the worship of Baal and was granted success by Allah.
  • Prophet Lot (Lut): He was saved from his deviant people, who were destroyed for their sins.
  • Prophet Jonah (Yunus): He was swallowed by a whale after leaving his people but repented, and Allah forgave and saved him.
    These stories illustrate a recurring pattern: prophets call to monotheism, face opposition, but are ultimately supported by Allah, while their opponents face divine punishment.

This summary is derived exclusively from the context provided by Tafheem-ul-Qur’an’s commentary on Surah As-Saffat, as available in the referenced sources.