Monthly Archives: June 2025

Islamic knowledge

Chapter 19/ Al Mariyam

Miraculous birth of Jesus summarized from Quranic chapter Mariyam

Audio link

https://notebooklm.google.com/notebook/0306a53c-46b1-4b6d-9bba-cc72e12f07d4/audio

Mesmerizing recitation and translation of the chapter:

https://surahquran.com/sorah-english-19.html

Surah Maryam (Chapter 19) in Tafheem-ul-Quran by Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi is a Meccan surah emphasizing Allah’s mercy, monotheism (Tawhid), prophethood, and the Hereafter. Below is a summary based on its key themes and narratives:

  1. Story of Prophet Zechariah (Zakariya) and John (Yahya) (Verses 1-15):
    Zechariah, an elderly prophet, prays for a righteous heir despite his and his wife’s old age and barrenness. Allah grants his supplication, promising a son, Yahya (John the Baptist), who will be pious and a prophet. As a sign, Zechariah is rendered speechless for three days but communicates through gestures. This narrative highlights Allah’s power to perform miracles and His mercy in answering prayers.
  2. Story of Mary (Maryam) and Jesus (Isa) (Verses 16-34):
    Mary, a chaste virgin, is chosen by Allah to give birth to Jesus miraculously without a father. She withdraws to a secluded place, where Angel Gabriel informs her of Allah’s decree. After giving birth under a palm tree, she faces societal accusations but is defended by the infant Jesus, who speaks miraculously, proclaiming his prophethood and devotion to Allah. This underscores the miraculous nature of Jesus’ birth and his role as a prophet, refuting claims of divinity while affirming monotheism.
  3. Mention of Other Prophets (Verses 35-58):
    The surah briefly recounts the stories of prophets like Abraham, Moses, Aaron, Ishmael, and Idris, emphasizing their righteousness, devotion to Allah, and role in guiding their people. Abraham’s dialogue with his father against idol-worship highlights the importance of Tawhid. These narratives connect the prophethood of Muhammad (PBUH) to the Abrahamic tradition, reinforcing Islam’s monotheistic roots.
  4. Condemnation of Disbelief and False Beliefs (Verses 59-82):
    The surah criticizes those who deviated from the path of the prophets, including sects among Jews and Christians who ascribed partners to Allah (e.g., claiming Jesus as God’s son). It warns of the consequences of disbelief and polytheism, stressing accountability in the Hereafter. The Day of Judgment is described, where the righteous will be rewarded, and the wicked will face regret.
  5. Exhortation to Monotheism and the Hereafter (Verses 83-98):
    The surah concludes by affirming Allah’s oneness and refuting the idea of Him having offspring. It warns disbelievers of Satan’s deception and emphasizes the inevitability of resurrection and judgment. Believers are encouraged to remain steadfast in worship and trust in Allah’s promise of victory for the truth. The surah also consoles the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) against the rejection of the Quraysh, reminding him of Allah’s support for earlier prophets.

Central Themes:

  • Allah’s Mercy and Power: Miraculous births (Yahya and Isa) demonstrate Allah’s ability to create beyond human limitations.
  • Monotheism (Tawhid): The surah refutes polytheistic beliefs, particularly about Jesus, and emphasizes worship of Allah alone.
  • Prophethood: It connects the missions of various prophets, affirming their shared message of submission to Allah.
  • Hereafter: The reality of resurrection, judgment, and accountability is a recurring theme, urging righteousness.
  • Consolation for the Prophet: The surah reassures Muhammad (PBUH) that, like earlier prophets, he will prevail despite opposition.

This summary draws from Tafheem-ul-Quran’s orthodox-modernist interpretation, which contextualizes the surah’s narratives within broader Islamic theology and history. For further details, refer to Maududi’s commentary on Tafheem-ul-Quran (available in English at englishtafsir.com).

Islamic knowledge

Chapter 15/ Al Hijr

Summary in audio file

https://notebooklm.google.com/notebook/ce96dc2a-08be-4244-ac5f-2cf935c8de34/audio

Mesmerizing recitation of the chapter with translation:

https://surahquran.com/sorah-english-15.html

Below is a summary of Surah Al-Hijr (Chapter 15) based on Tafheem-ul-Qur’an by Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi, focusing on its key themes and messages:

Surah Al-Hijr, the 15th chapter of the Qur’an, consists of 99 verses and was revealed in Makkah. Named after the valley or people of Al-Hijr (the Thamud), it addresses the rejection of divine messages by past nations, the truth of the Qur’an, and the certainty of Allah’s judgment. The Surah consoles Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) and the early Muslims facing opposition in Makkah, emphasizing steadfastness and trust in Allah.

Key Themes and Summary:

  1. The Qur’an’s Divine Origin and Preservation:
  • The Surah begins by affirming the Qur’an as a clear revelation from Allah, a reminder for humanity (15:1, 15:6). It assures that Allah Himself will protect the Qur’an from corruption (15:9).
  • Disbelievers mock the Prophet and demand miracles, but the Qur’an itself is a sufficient sign, and their rejection stems from arrogance (15:6-11).
  1. Allah’s Power and Creation:
  • The Surah highlights Allah’s creative power, describing the creation of the heavens, earth, humans, and jinn, and His provision of sustenance like water and vegetation (15:16-22).
  • The story of Iblis (Satan) refusing to bow to Adam illustrates his enmity toward humanity, promising to mislead people except Allah’s sincere servants (15:30-40).
  1. Stories of Past Prophets and Nations:
  • The Surah recounts the stories of prophets like Ibrahim, Lut, Shu’ayb, and the people of Al-Hijr (Thamud) to show a pattern of divine guidance, human rejection, and consequent punishment (15:51-84).
    • Ibrahim: Informed of a son (Isaac) and the destruction of Lut’s people (15:51-60).
    • Lut: Warned his people against immorality, but they were destroyed for their defiance (15:61-77).
    • People of Al-Hijr (Thamud): Rejected Prophet Salih and were punished for denying Allah’s signs, like the she-camel (15:80-84).
  • These narratives serve as warnings to the Quraysh of Makkah, who similarly reject the Prophet.
  1. Consequences of Disbelief:
  • The Surah warns that those who mock Allah’s messengers and deny the truth will face severe punishment in the Hereafter, while believers will enter paradise (15:45-50, 15:85-93).
  • Allah’s mercy is emphasized, as He forgives those who repent, but His justice ensures accountability for persistent wrongdoers.
  1. Consolation for the Prophet:
  • The Surah comforts Prophet Muhammad, who faced ridicule and hostility from the Quraysh, reminding him that previous prophets endured similar trials (15:10-13, 15:94-97).
  • He is instructed to proclaim the message openly, remain patient, and seek strength through glorifying Allah (15:94-99).
  1. Tawheed and Trust in Allah:
  • The Surah reinforces the oneness of Allah, urging people to worship Him alone and recognize His signs in nature and revelation (15:19-25).
  • It encourages believers to trust Allah’s plan, as He controls all affairs and will ultimately judge between truth and falsehood (15:85-86).

Overall Message:

Surah Al-Hijr reaffirms the divine origin and preservation of the Qur’an, warning disbelievers of the consequences of rejecting Allah’s message through historical examples of destroyed nations. It emphasizes Allah’s power, mercy, and justice, while consoling the Prophet and his followers to remain steadfast amid persecution. The Surah calls humanity to reflect on Allah’s signs, uphold monotheism, and prepare for the Hereafter.

For a detailed verse-by-verse explanation, you can refer to Tafheem-ul-Qur’an by Maududi, available at sources like englishtafsir.com.

If you need specific details about a particular verse or section, let me know!

Xxxxx

Since you’ve requested a summary of Chapter 15 from Tafheem-ul-Qur’an again, I’ll provide a concise version of the summary for Surah Al-Hijr (Chapter 15), based on Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi’s Tafheem-ul-Qur’an, ensuring it’s clear and avoids repetition while focusing on the core themes.

Surah Al-Hijr, the 15th chapter of the Qur’an, has 99 verses and was revealed in Makkah. Named after the people of Al-Hijr (Thamud), it emphasizes the truth of the Qur’an, the consequences of rejecting divine guidance, and the certainty of Allah’s judgment. It comforts Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) and his followers facing opposition in Makkah.

Key Themes and Summary:

  1. Divinity and Protection of the Qur’an:
  • The Qur’an is a divine revelation and reminder, protected by Allah from alteration (15:1, 15:9). Disbelievers mock the Prophet, demanding miracles, but their denial stems from arrogance (15:6-11).
  1. Allah’s Creation and Power:
  • Allah’s creative authority is evident in the heavens, earth, humans, and jinn, with provisions like water and plants (15:16-22). The story of Iblis refusing to bow to Adam highlights his role as humanity’s adversary (15:30-40).
  1. Lessons from Past Nations:
  • The Surah narrates the fates of prophets and their communities:
    • Ibrahim: Received news of a son and the destruction of Lut’s people (15:51-60).
    • Lut: His people were destroyed for immorality (15:61-77).
    • Thamud (Al-Hijr): Rejected Prophet Salih and were punished for defying Allah’s signs (15:80-84).
  • These stories warn the Quraysh against rejecting the Prophet’s message.
  1. Reward and Punishment:
  • Believers are promised paradise, while disbelievers face punishment for mocking divine messages (15:45-50, 15:85-93). Allah’s mercy awaits the repentant, but justice awaits the defiant.
  1. Support for the Prophet:
  • The Prophet is reassured that past prophets faced similar rejection. He is urged to proclaim the message boldly, remain patient, and glorify Allah (15:94-99).
  1. Monotheism and Trust in Allah:
  • The Surah calls for worshipping Allah alone, reflecting on His signs, and trusting His ultimate plan (15:19-25, 15:85-86).

Overall Message:

Surah Al-Hijr affirms the Qur’an’s divine origin, warns against disbelief through historical examples, and consoles the Prophet to persevere despite opposition. It urges humanity to embrace monotheism, reflect on Allah’s signs, and prepare for the Hereafter.

For a detailed explanation, refer to Tafheem-ul-Qur’an at englishtafsir.com. If you want specific verses analyzed or have a different request, please clarify!

Islamic knowledge

Chapter 14/ Al Ibrahim

Audio summary link …

https://notebooklm.google.com/notebook/449e5859-8a04-4c58-bb42-b58a7202eb56/audio

Mesmerizing recitation of the chapter with translation:

https://surahquran.com/sorah-english-14.html

Here is a summary of Surah Ibrahim (Chapter 14) from Tafheem-ul-Quran by Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi, based on the provided search results:

Overview of Surah Ibrahim

  • Name: Named after Prophet Ibrahim (Abraham), mentioned in verse 35, though it does not detail his life story .
  • Revelation Period: Revealed in the late Makkan period, during intense persecution of Muslims, when disbelievers threatened to expel them .
  • Central Theme: A warning to disbelievers who rejected Prophet Muhammad’s message, emphasizing monotheism, gratitude, and the consequences of disbelief .

Key Themes and Lessons

  1. Purpose of the Quran:
  • Revealed to guide humanity from darkness (ignorance) to light (faith) through Allah’s permission .
  • Warns of severe punishment for those who prefer worldly life over the Hereafter and hinder others from Allah’s path .
  1. Prophets’ Mission:
  • All prophets, including Moses, were sent to their people in their own language to clarify the message .
  • Disbelievers often dismissed prophets as “mere humans” and demanded miracles, but prophets relied on Allah’s authority .
  1. Consequences of Disbelief:
  • Past nations (e.g., Noah, Ad, Thamud) rejected their messengers and faced destruction. Their good deeds became worthless like “ashes scattered by wind” .
  • On Judgment Day, disbelievers will regret their choices, while Satan will abandon them, blaming their own free will .
  1. Parable of the “Good Word” vs. “Evil Word”:
  • The “good word” (e.g., faith in Allah) is like a firm tree with deep roots and abundant fruit, symbolizing stability and divine reward.
  • The “evil word” (disbelief) is like a uprooted tree, devoid of stability .
  1. Prophet Ibrahim’s Dua:
  • He prayed for Makkah’s security, his descendants’ protection from idolatry, and their steadfastness in worship .
  • His supplication highlights gratitude and trust in Allah’s plan .
  1. Allah’s Sovereignty:
  • Controls creation, sustains life (e.g., rain, ships, rivers), and grants respite to disbelievers until Judgment Day, when they will face irreversible punishment .

Conclusion

Surah Ibrahim underscores:

  • The urgency of accepting divine guidance.
  • The futility of worldly attachments without faith.
  • The eternal reward for believers (Paradise) and punishment for disbelievers (Hell) .

For deeper insights, refer to the full tafsir in Tafheem-ul-Quran .

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Below is a summary of Surah Ibrahim (Chapter 14) based on Tafheem-ul-Qur’an by Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi, focusing on its key themes and messages:

Surah Ibrahim, the 14th chapter of the Qur’an, consists of 52 verses and was revealed in Makkah. Named after Prophet Ibrahim (Abraham, peace be upon him), it emphasizes the core message of monotheism (Tawheed), the role of prophethood, the consequences of human choices, and the ultimate triumph of truth. The Surah addresses the struggles of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) and his followers in Makkah, encouraging steadfastness and trust in Allah.

Key Themes and Summary:

  1. Purpose of the Qur’an:
  • The Surah opens by describing the Qur’an as a divine book revealed to guide people from darkness to light, leading them to the path of Allah, the Mighty and Praiseworthy (14:1-5).
  • It underscores that the Qur’an’s message is clear, but only those who reflect and seek guidance benefit from it.
  1. Prophethood and Divine Guidance:
  • The Surah recounts the mission of prophets, emphasizing that all prophets, including Musa (Moses) and Ibrahim, were sent with clear signs to guide their people to worship Allah alone (14:4-5, 14:9-12).
  • Prophets faced rejection and hostility, yet they remained patient, trusting Allah to deliver justice (14:11-15).
  1. Tawheed and Gratitude to Allah:
  • The Surah highlights Allah’s countless blessings, such as the creation of the heavens and earth, the provision of sustenance, and the subjugation of natural forces for human benefit (14:32-34).
  • Humans are urged to be grateful and worship Allah alone, avoiding shirk (associating partners with Allah), which leads to ruin (14:28-30).
  1. Prophet Ibrahim’s Legacy:
  • Ibrahim is presented as a model of faith, known for his unwavering devotion to Allah. His prayers for guidance, security, and a righteous progeny are highlighted (14:35-41).
  • His supplication for Makkah to be a place of peace and for his descendants to uphold prayer reflects his concern for humanity’s spiritual well-being.
  1. Consequences of Human Choices:
  • The Surah contrasts the outcomes of belief and disbelief. Those who reject Allah’s signs and oppress others will face severe punishment in the Hereafter, while believers who do good will be rewarded with paradise (14:22-27, 14:42-51).
  • A vivid parable compares a good word (faith) to a strong tree with deep roots and fruitful branches, and an evil word (disbelief) to a weak, uprooted plant (14:24-26).
  1. Accountability and the Hereafter:
  • The Surah warns that Allah is not unaware of wrongdoers’ actions, and everyone will be accountable on the Day of Judgment (14:42-51).
  • Satan’s deception is exposed, as he will disown his followers in the Hereafter, leaving them to face the consequences of their choices (14:22).
  1. Encouragement for the Prophet and Believers:
  • The Surah consoles Prophet Muhammad, reminding him that previous prophets faced similar opposition, yet Allah’s promise of victory for the truth is certain (14:13-15).
  • Believers are urged to remain steadfast, seek forgiveness, and trust in Allah’s mercy and justice.

Overall Message:

Surah Ibrahim emphasizes the universal message of monotheism delivered by all prophets, with a focus on Prophet Ibrahim’s exemplary faith and prayers. It calls humanity to reflect on Allah’s signs, be grateful for His blessings, and choose the path of righteousness to avoid the fate of disbelievers. The Surah reassures the Prophet and early Muslims that, despite challenges, Allah’s plan will prevail, and the truth will triumph.

For a detailed verse-by-verse explanation, you can refer to Tafheem-ul-Qur’an by Maududi, available at sources like englishtafsir.com.

If you need specific details about a particular verse or section, let me know!

Islamic knowledge

Chapter 13/ Al Ra’d

Audio file summary as below

https://notebooklm.google.com/notebook/1f9ac30f-310a-4d09-8d6c-f94349c4e01c/audio

Mesmerizing recitation of the chapter with translation:

https://surahquran.com/sorah-english-13.html

Here is a summary of Surah Ar-Ra’d (Chapter 13) from Tafheem-ul-Quran by Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi:

1. Central Theme

The surah emphasizes that the message of Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) is the absolute truth, but most people reject it due to their own shortcomings. It focuses on three core beliefs:

  • Tawhid (Oneness of Allah)
  • Resurrection
  • Prophethood

The surah combines logical arguments with emotional appeals to convince disbelievers while comforting believers enduring persecution .

2. Key Topics Covered

A. Signs of Allah’s Power

  • The heavens are raised without visible pillars, and Allah governs the sun, moon, and all creation .
  • The earth is spread out with mountains, rivers, and paired fruits, demonstrating His wisdom .
  • Lightning and thunder are signs of His majesty; thunder glorifies Him, and lightning inspires both fear and hope .

B. Rejection of Disbelievers

  • The disbelievers mock the idea of resurrection, asking, “When we are dust, will we be created anew?” They are warned of eternal punishment in Hell .
  • They demand miracles, but Allah responds that the Prophet’s role is only to warn, and guidance comes from Him alone .

C. Divine Decree and Human Responsibility

  • Allah’s knowledge encompasses everything, including the unseen. He appoints guardian angels for every individual .
  • “Allah does not change the condition of a people until they change themselves” (13:11). Punishment or mercy depends on their actions .

D. Truth vs. Falsehood

  • Truth is likened to pure water that benefits people, while falsehood is like foam that vanishes .
  • Believers are patient, charitable, and uphold covenants, earning Paradise. Disbelievers break promises and face ruin .

E. Allah’s Plan Prevails

  • The disbelievers’ territories shrink as Islam advances, signaling their impending defeat .
  • The Prophet is reassured: his duty is only to convey the message; accountability rests with Allah .

3. Conclusion

Surah Ar-Ra’d blends rational proofs of Allah’s sovereignty with moral exhortations, urging reflection on nature’s signs and the consequences of faith vs. disbelief. It consoles the believers with promises of eternal reward while warning opponents of divine retribution .

For deeper insights, refer to the full tafsir in Tafheem-ul-Quran .

Below is a summary of Surah Ar-Ra’d (Chapter 13) based on Tafheem-ul-Qur’an by Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi, focusing on its key themes and messages:

Surah Ar-Ra’d (The Thunder) is the 13th chapter of the Qur’an, comprising 43 verses, and was revealed in Makkah. Its central theme is to affirm the truth of Prophet Muhammad’s (peace be upon him) message and to emphasize the oneness of Allah, the reality of the Hereafter, and the consequences of accepting or rejecting divine guidance. The title “Ar-Ra’d” (The Thunder) refers to the natural phenomenon mentioned in verse 13, which glorifies Allah, symbolizing His power and majesty.

Key Themes and Summary:

  1. Affirmation of the Qur’an and Prophethood:
  • The Surah begins by declaring the Qur’an as the truth from Allah, revealed to guide humanity. It stresses that Prophet Muhammad’s message is authentic, but those who reject it do so out of arrogance or ignorance (13:1).
  • Disbelievers demand miracles to believe, but the Qur’an itself is a sufficient sign. Allah challenges them to reflect on the universe as evidence of His existence and power.
  1. Tawheed (Oneness of Allah):
  • The Surah emphasizes that the entire universe belongs to Allah alone, and He is the sole Creator, Sustainer, and Manager of all affairs (13:2-4). No one else deserves worship or servitude.
  • Natural phenomena like thunder, lightning, rain, and the alternation of day and night are described as signs of Allah’s power and mercy, urging people to recognize His sovereignty (13:12-13).
  1. The Hereafter and Accountability:
  • A recurring theme is the certainty of life after death. The Surah refutes the disbelievers’ denial of resurrection, asserting that Allah, who created the universe, can recreate humans for judgment (13:5-6).
  • Believers are promised paradise, described vividly with rivers, fruits, and eternal bliss, while disbelievers will face punishment in Hell for their rejection of truth (13:35).
  1. Contrast Between Believers and Disbelievers:
  • The Surah contrasts the attitudes and outcomes of believers and disbelievers. Believers respond to Allah’s signs with humility, patience, and good deeds, while disbelievers are blinded by pride and materialism (13:19-22, 13:27-31).
  • The parable of truth and falsehood (13:17) illustrates that truth (like pure water) endures, while falsehood (like scum) vanishes.
  1. Role of the Prophet:
  • Prophet Muhammad is depicted as a warner and bearer of glad tidings, continuing the legacy of previous prophets who delivered Allah’s message (13:7, 13:30).
  • The Surah consoles the Prophet, reminding him that his duty is only to convey the message, and Allah will judge those who reject it (13:40).
  1. Patience and Trust in Allah:
  • Believers are encouraged to remain steadfast despite opposition, trusting in Allah’s plan. The Surah reassures that Allah’s promise of victory for the truth is certain, even if it seems delayed (13:41-43).
  • The disbelievers’ plotting against the Prophet will ultimately fail, as Allah is the best planner.

Overall Message:

Surah Ar-Ra’d calls humanity to reflect on the signs of Allah in the universe and the Qur’an, urging them to accept His oneness and prepare for the Hereafter. It warns of the consequences of disbelief while promising reward for faith and righteous deeds. The Surah also strengthens the resolve of the Prophet and early Muslims facing persecution in Makkah, emphasizing that truth will prevail.

For a detailed verse-by-verse explanation, you can refer to Tafheem-ul-Qur’an by Maududi, available at sources like englishtafsir.com.

If you’d like specific details about a particular verse or section, let me know!

Islamic knowledge

Divine wisdom behind events..examples to educate prophet Moses

Audio summary of the events…

https://notebooklm.google.com/notebook/b3ba76f6-775a-4471-a8f4-5840f5920924/audio

Below is the translation and tafsir (exegesis) of Surah Al-Kahf (18:65-82) from Tafheem-ul-Quran by Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi, sourced from the official website of Tafheem-ul-Quran (www.islamicstudies.info). The translation is provided first, followed by the relevant commentary (tafsir) for these verses. Note that the tafsir may include explanatory notes and context as provided by Maududi.

Translation of Surah Al-Kahf (18:65-82) from Tafheem-ul-Quran

(18:65) And there they found a servant from among Our servants to whom We had granted mercy from Us and had taught him knowledge from Our presence.
(18:66) Moses said to him: “May I follow you that you may teach me something of the wisdom which you have been taught?”
(18:67) He said: “You will not be able to bear with me patiently.
(18:68) How can you bear with that of which you have no knowledge?”
(18:69) Moses said: “You will find me, if Allah wills, patient; and I shall not disobey you in anything.”
(18:70) He said: “If you want to follow me, do not ask me about anything until I myself mention it to you.”
(18:71) So they set out, until when they embarked on a boat, he made a hole in it. Moses said: “Have you made a hole in it in order to drown its inmates? You have certainly done a grievous thing.”
(18:72) He said: “Did I not tell you that you will not be able to bear with me patiently?”
(18:73) Moses said: “Do not take me to task for what I forgot, and do not be hard on me for this lapse of mine.”
(18:74) So they went on until they met a young boy, and he slew him. Moses said: “Have you killed an innocent person without his having killed anyone? You have certainly done a horrible thing.”
(18:75) He said: “Did I not tell you that you will not be able to bear with me patiently?”
(18:76) Moses said: “If after this I ask you about anything, do not let me accompany you. You will then be fully justified.”
(18:77) Then they went on until they came to the people of a town. They asked its people for food, but they refused to give them any hospitality. They found there a wall that was about to fall down, and he set it up straight. Moses said: “Had you wished, you could have taken payment for it.”
(18:78) He said: “This brings me and you to a parting of ways. Now I shall explain to you the true meaning of things about which you could not remain patient.
(18:79) As for the boat, it belonged to some poor people who worked on the river, and I intended to damage it, for there was a king coming behind them who was seizing every boat by force.
(18:80) As for the boy, his parents were believers, and we feared lest he should trouble them with rebellion and unbelief.
(18:81) So we intended that their Lord should replace him with another child better than he in purity and closer to mercy.
(18:82) As for the wall, it belonged to two orphan boys in the city, and beneath it was a treasure belonging to them. Their father had been a righteous man. So your Lord intended that they should come of age and then take out their treasure as a mercy from your Lord. I did not do this of my own accord. This is the true meaning of the things about which you could not remain patient.”

Tafsir (Commentary) of Surah Al-Kahf (18:65-82) from Tafheem-ul-Quran

The following is a summarized version of the tafsir provided by Maududi for these verses, focusing on the narrative and key interpretive points. For the complete tafsir, refer to http://www.islamicstudies.info.

Context and Background

  • Verses 60-82 of Surah Al-Kahf narrate the story of Prophet Moses (PBUH) and his encounter with a mysterious servant of Allah, traditionally identified as Al-Khidr in Islamic tradition (though not named in the Quran). This narrative illustrates the limitations of human knowledge, the importance of patience, and trust in divine wisdom.
  • The story begins with Moses embarking on a journey to seek knowledge, as instructed by Allah, and meeting this servant, who possesses divinely granted knowledge.

Verse-by-Verse Tafsir

Verse 65:

  • The “servant” is described as one to whom Allah granted mercy and special knowledge. Maududi explains that this servant (often understood as Al-Khidr) was bestowed with ‘ilm ladunni’ (knowledge from Allah’s presence), which is distinct from ordinary knowledge acquired through human effort. This indicates divine wisdom beyond conventional understanding.
  • The meeting place, where Moses found this servant, is significant, though its exact location is left unspecified in the Quran to emphasize the spiritual lesson over geographical details.

Verse 66:

  • Moses humbly requests to learn from this servant, recognizing his unique wisdom. Maududi highlights Moses’ humility, as a prophet, he seeks further enlightenment, showing that seeking knowledge is a lifelong pursuit even for the learned.
  • The request reflects the Quranic emphasis on seeking beneficial knowledge with ** respect and sincerity.

Verses 67-68:

  • The servant warns Moses that his actions may seem incomprehensible due to Moses’ limited understanding. Maududi notes that this sets the stage to test Moses’ patience, illustrating that divine wisdom often transcends human logic.
  • The servant’s statement underscores the theme of human limitations in grasping Allah’s plans.

Verse 69:

  • Moses promises to be patient and obedient, invoking Allah’s will. Maududi emphasizes that this reflects the proper etiquette of a student: humility, patience, and reliance on divine assistance.

Verse 70:

  • The servant agrees to let Moses follow him but imposes a condition: Moses must not question his actions until he chooses to explain them. Maududi explains that this condition tests Moses’ ability to trust in divine wisdom, even when actions appear perplexing or morally challenging.

Verse 71:

  • The servant damages a boat belonging to poor people, prompting Moses to object, as it seems harmful. Maududi notes that Moses’ reaction is natural, as he perceives the act as unjust without knowing the underlying purpose.
  • This incident introduces the theme of apparent evil concealing greater good, a key lesson in divine providence.

Verse 72:

  • The servant reminds Moses of his warning about patience. Maududi interprets this as a gentle rebuke, emphasizing the need to withhold judgment when divine wisdom is at play.

Verse 73:

  • Moses apologizes, attributing his question to forgetfulness. Maududi explains that Moses’ humility in admitting his lapse reflects his sincerity as a student and prophet.

Verse 74:

  • The servant kills a young boy, shocking Moses, who protests the act as unjust. Maududi clarifies that this act appears heinous to Moses because he lacks knowledge of the boy’s future and the divine purpose behind the act.
  • This incident further tests Moses’ ability to trust in divine wisdom, as the killing of an innocent seems contrary to justice.

Verse 75:

  • The servant reiterates his warning, showing increasing firmness. Maududi notes that this repetition reinforces the lesson that divine actions may defy human understanding.

Verse 76:

  • Moses acknowledges his error and promises not to question again, accepting that further questioning would justify his dismissal. Maududi highlights Moses’ perseverance despite repeated failures, showing his commitment to learning.

Verse 77:

  • The servant repairs a wall in a town that refused them hospitality, and Moses suggests he could have taken payment. Maududi explains that Moses’ comment reflects his human perspective, expecting compensation for labor, but the servant’s action has a higher purpose.
  • The refusal of hospitality by the townspeople contrasts with the servant’s selfless act, illustrating divine mercy even toward the ungrateful.

Verse 78:

  • The servant declares that their journey ends due to Moses’ inability to remain patient. Maududi notes that this parting is not punitive but a natural consequence of Moses’ human limitations, preparing the way for the explanations.

Verses 79-82:

  • The servant explains his actions, revealing their divine purpose:
  • The Boat (v. 79): Damaging the boat protected its poor owners from a tyrannical king seizing it, preserving their livelihood. Maududi emphasizes that what seemed harmful was an act of mercy.
  • The Boy (v. 80-81): The boy’s death prevented him from becoming a source of rebellion and disbelief for his believing parents. Allah intended to replace him with a better child. Maududi clarifies that this reflects divine foreknowledge, not arbitrary punishment, and underscores Allah’s mercy toward the parents.
  • The Wall (v. 82): Repairing the wall protected a treasure belonging to two orphans until they reached maturity. Their father’s righteousness earned them this divine favor. Maududi highlights that the act was a mercy from Allah, not motivated by personal gain.
  • The servant emphasizes that these actions were not his own initiative but were divinely ordained. Maududi stresses that this underscores the servant’s role as an obedient agent of Allah’s will.

Key Themes and Lessons

  • Divine Wisdom vs. Human Understanding: The story illustrates that Allah’s plans may appear incomprehensible or unjust but always serve a greater good. Maududi emphasizes the need for trust in divine wisdom.
  • Patience and Humility: Moses’ repeated questioning and apologies highlight the importance of patience and humility in seeking knowledge and accepting divine decrees.
  • Mercy and Knowledge: The servant’s actions, rooted in divine mercy and knowledge, show that true wisdom combines compassion with understanding. Maududi notes that mercy precedes knowledge in the servant’s description (v. 65).
  • Prophethood of Al-Khidr: Maududi discusses the scholarly debate about whether the servant (Al-Khidr) was a prophet. He leans toward the view that Al-Khidr was a prophet, given his divinely ordained actions and special knowledge, though the Quran does not explicitly state this.
  • Moral Complexity: The story challenges simplistic views of morality, showing that actions must be judged in light of divine intent and long-term outcomes.

Additional Notes

  • Maududi addresses the ambiguity of Al-Khidr’s identity, noting that the Quran describes him as a “servant” to emphasize his obedience to Allah. The tafsir avoids speculative details about Al-Khidr’s life or status beyond what the Quran provides.
  • The narrative connects to broader Quranic themes of trials, trust in Allah, and the limits of human perception, as seen in other stories in Surah Al-Kahf (e.g., the People of the Cave, Dhul-Qarnayn).

Source Citation

This translation and tafsir are drawn from Tafheem-ul-Quran by Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi, as available on http://www.islamicstudies.info.

Note

  • The tafsir has been summarized to focus on the key points relevant to verses 18:65-82. For a detailed exposition, including footnotes and additional scholarly references, consult the full text on the Tafheem-ul-Quran website.
  • If you need further clarification or additional details (e.g., specific footnotes, comparisons with other tafsirs, or analysis of particular verses), please let me know!
Quran Learning (Category)

Khidr’s killing of innocent life by divine instruction

Audio summary of the lessons from the event.

https://notebooklm.google.com/notebook/eb7d2db0-b038-4b71-9307-d37235d4da19/audio

Quranic verses 18:80-81, from Surah Al-Kahf, relate to the story of Khidr and Musa (Moses), where Khidr explains his actions, including the killing of a young boy. The verses are:

18:80: “And as for the boy, his parents were believers, and we feared that he would overburden them by transgression and disbelief.”
18:81: “So we intended that their Lord should substitute for them one better than him in purity and nearer to mercy.”

Below are explanations of these verses by various scholars, based on available tafsir (exegesis) and commentary sources. I’ve synthesized interpretations from classical and modern scholars to provide a range of perspectives, citing where relevant.

1. Tafsir Ibn Kathir (Classical Scholar: Ibn Kathir, d. 1373 CE)

Ibn Kathir, a renowned classical scholar, explains that Khidr’s action of killing the boy was divinely inspired, as Khidr acted on knowledge granted by Allah. The phrase “we feared” refers to Khidr’s understanding of the boy’s future, which was known to him through divine revelation. Ibn Kathir notes:

  • The boy was destined to grow up as a disbeliever and rebel, causing immense grief and spiritual harm to his believing parents.
  • The term “we” in “we feared” and “we intended” is interpreted as Khidr speaking on behalf of divine wisdom, not implying plurality but rather the authority of divine command.
  • The replacement of the boy with a “better” child (verse 81) refers to a child who would be righteous, obedient, and a source of comfort for the parents, either through another child or divine compensation.
  • Ibn Kathir emphasizes that Khidr’s action was not arbitrary but aligned with Allah’s mercy and justice, protecting the parents’ faith.

2. Tafsir Al-Jalalayn (Classical Scholars: Jalaluddin Al-Mahalli and Jalaluddin As-Suyuti, 15th Century)

In Tafsir Al-Jalalayn, a concise exegesis, the scholars explain:

  • The boy’s potential to lead his parents into disbelief was due to their natural love for him, which could have swayed them toward his rebellious ways.
  • The phrase “we feared” is understood as Khidr’s expression of divine foresight, not personal fear, as he acted under Allah’s guidance.
  • The substitution in verse 81 indicates Allah’s mercy, ensuring the parents received a child who was more righteous and closer to divine mercy, preserving their faith and emotional well-being.
  • The tafsir underscores that Khidr’s knowledge was from Allah’s unseen (ghayb), justifying his actions beyond human comprehension.

3. Tafsir Maududi (Modern Scholar: Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi, d. 1979)

Maududi, in his work Tafhim-ul-Quran, provides a detailed modern perspective:

  • The boy’s killing was a preventive measure to safeguard the parents’ faith, as his future disbelief and transgression would have been a severe trial for them.
  • Maududi suggests Khidr was not a human but possibly an angel or a being with divine authority, acting solely on Allah’s command. This aligns with some interpretations that Khidr’s actions transcend human moral frameworks.
  • The use of “we” in the verses is stylistic, reflecting divine wisdom or Khidr’s alignment with Allah’s will, not a literal plurality.
  • Verse 81 reflects Allah’s mercy, replacing the boy with a child who would be a source of spiritual and emotional solace, emphasizing divine justice over human judgment.

4. Tafsir Al-Tabari (Classical Scholar: Imam Al-Tabari, d. 923 CE)

Al-Tabari, in his comprehensive tafsir, compiles narrations and interpretations:

  • He cites early authorities who state the boy was already showing signs of disbelief or was destined to become a tyrant, justifying Khidr’s action as a divine intervention.
  • The “we” in “we feared” is debated: some early scholars saw it as Khidr referring to himself and divine guidance, while others viewed it as a linguistic expression of divine authority, not implying Allah’s fear but foresight.
  • The substitution in verse 81 is interpreted literally by some (a new child) or metaphorically (divine blessings or ease for the parents).
  • Al-Tabari stresses that Khidr’s actions were not permissible for humans to emulate, as they were based on divine knowledge unavailable to ordinary people.

5. Modern Reflection: Shaykh Yasir Qadhi (Contemporary Scholar)

Yasir Qadhi, a contemporary scholar, in his lectures on Surah Al-Kahf, emphasizes the spiritual lessons:

  • The story teaches reliance on Allah’s wisdom when events seem unjust or incomprehensible. Khidr’s killing of the boy shocks Musa, illustrating that divine plans surpass human understanding.
  • The boy’s fate was known to Khidr through divine revelation, and his action protected the parents from a greater calamity—losing their faith.
  • The phrase “we feared” is a humble expression by Khidr, aligning himself with divine will, not implying fear in the human sense.
  • Verse 81 highlights Allah’s mercy, ensuring the parents’ loss was compensated with something better, reinforcing trust in divine justice.

6. Shia Perspective: Tafsir Al-Mizan (Scholar: Allamah Tabatabai, d. 1981)

In Tafsir Al-Mizan, a prominent Shia exegesis, Allamah Tabatabai explains:

  • Khidr’s actions were divinely ordained, and the boy’s death was a mercy to prevent greater harm to his parents’ faith.
  • The “we” in the verses reflects Khidr’s role as an agent of Allah’s will, with the plural used for emphasis or to denote divine authority.
  • The substitution in verse 81 is seen as Allah’s compassion, granting the parents a righteous child or spiritual reward to ease their loss.
  • Tabatabai emphasizes the esoteric wisdom in Khidr’s actions, teaching that divine justice operates beyond human perception.

Key Points of Consensus and Divergence

  • Consensus: Scholars agree Khidr acted on divine knowledge, not personal judgment, and his action was to protect the parents’ faith. The substitution in verse 81 reflects Allah’s mercy.
  • Divergence:
  • The identity of Khidr (human, prophet, or angel) varies, with Maududi leaning toward a non-human entity.
  • The use of “we” is debated: some see it as stylistic (Ibn Kathir, Maududi), others as divine authority (Al-Tabari).
  • The nature of the “better” substitute in verse 81 is interpreted as a literal child or metaphorical blessing.

Notes on Interpretation

  • The verses are part of a broader narrative (18:60-82) teaching patience, humility, and trust in Allah’s wisdom, as Musa learns from Khidr’s actions.
  • Scholars universally caution that Khidr’s actions are not a precedent for human behavior, as they were based on divine revelation.
  • The story has sparked debate on ethical questions, but scholars emphasize divine knowledge as the justification, not human reasoning.

If you’d like deeper analysis of a specific scholar’s view, a particular aspect (e.g., the pronoun “we”), or additional sources, let me know! I can also check recent discussions on X or other platforms for contemporary perspectives if needed.

Islamic knowledge

Divine wisdom in repelling some men with others, 2

were it not for Allah’s repelling some men with others, the earth would have been corrupted

Summary of the verse.. audio

https://notebooklm.google.com/notebook/ce082c05-bd2f-4c8f-9615-f06992c655c8/audio

From TFMQ 

Below is the translation of **Qur’an 2:251** (Surah Al-Baqarah, verse 251) followed by its explanation from **Tafhim-ul-Qur’an** by Sayyid Abul A’la Maududi, a prominent 20th-century Islamic scholar known for his comprehensive and contextual exegesis. The translation and explanation are drawn from the English version of Tafhim-ul-Qur’an, summarized and presented concisely for clarity.

—

### Translation of Qur’an 2:251

**Arabic Text:**

> فَهَزَمُوهُمْ بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ وَقَتَلَ دَاوُودُ جَالُوتَ وَآتَاهُ اللَّهُ الْمُلْكَ وَالْحِكْمَةَ وَعَلَّمَهُ مِمَّا يَشَاءُ ۗ وَلَوْلَا دَفْعُ اللَّهِ النَّاسَ بَعْضَهُمْ بِبَعْضٍ لَفَسَدَتِ الْأَرْضُ وَلَكِنَّ اللَّهَ ذُو فَضْلٍ عَلَى الْعَالَمِينَ

**Translation (From Tafhim-ul-Qur’an):**

> So they defeated them by Allah’s permission, and David slew Goliath, and Allah granted him kingship and wisdom, and taught him of what He pleased. And were it not for Allah’s repelling some men with others, the earth would have been corrupted. But Allah is the Lord of grace to all the worlds.

—

### Explanation from Tafhim-ul-Qur’an by Sayyid Abul A’la Maududi

**Context:**

In **Tafhim-ul-Qur’an**, Maududi places this verse within the narrative of the Israelites’ struggle against the Philistines, as described in Surah Al-Baqarah (verses 246–251). The story of Tālūt (Saul), Dāwūd (David), and Jālūt (Goliath) serves to illustrate the power of faith, the qualities of divinely appointed leadership, and Allah’s system of maintaining balance in the world. Maududi’s exegesis emphasizes the broader lessons for the Muslim ummah, particularly in the context of their challenges during the early Islamic period.

**Detailed Explanation:**

1. **Victory by Allah’s Permission (فَهَزَمُوهُمْ بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ):**

   – Maududi explains that the Israelites’ triumph over the Philistines was entirely due to Allah’s will, not their own military prowess. The phrase “by Allah’s permission” highlights that victory depends on divine support, reinforcing the importance of tawakkul (reliance on Allah).

   – Despite their initial reluctance and small numbers, the believers’ faith enabled them to overcome a formidable enemy, serving as a lesson that spiritual strength surpasses material power.

2. **David’s Slaying of Goliath (وَقَتَلَ دَاوُودُ جَالُوتَ):**

   – Maududi notes that David, a young and seemingly insignificant figure, defeated Goliath, a symbol of arrogance and brute strength. This victory underscores that Allah grants success to those who trust in Him, regardless of their apparent weakness.

   – The event marks David’s emergence as a divinely chosen leader, demonstrating that Allah elevates the humble when they act with sincerity.

3. **Kingship and Wisdom (وَآتَاهُ اللَّهُ الْمُلْكَ وَالْحِكْمَةَ):**

   – “Kingship” refers to David’s appointment as ruler of the Israelites, granting him political authority. “Wisdom” encompasses prophethood, including the revelation of the Zabur (Psalms), as well as sound judgment in governance and religious matters.

   – Maududi emphasizes that this combination of temporal and spiritual leadership reflects the ideal Islamic model, where rulers govern with justice and divine guidance. David’s dual role serves as an example for Muslim leaders.

4. **Knowledge Taught by Allah (وَعَلَّمَهُ مِمَّا يَشَاءُ):**

   – Allah bestowed upon David specific knowledge, such as the art of making armor (Qur’an 21:80) and other skills suited to his prophetic and kingly duties. Maududi interprets this as a divine favor, equipping chosen individuals with abilities tailored to their mission.

   – The phrase “what He pleased” indicates the vastness of Allah’s knowledge, from which He imparts only what is necessary for His servants.

5. **Repelling Some by Others (وَلَوْلَا دَفْعُ اللَّهِ النَّاسَ بَعْضَهُمْ بِبَعْضٍ لَفَسَدَتِ الْأَرْضُ):**

   – Maududi provides a profound interpretation, describing this as a universal divine law to prevent corruption (fasād) on earth. Allah maintains balance by allowing some groups, nations, or individuals to check others, preventing any single force from dominating unjustly.

   – Examples include righteous movements countering oppressors, or one tyrannical power being challenged by another, ensuring that absolute evil does not prevail. Maududi cites historical cases, such as the rise of just rulers or nations to curb tyranny, and extends this to ideological struggles where truth confronts falsehood.

   – Without this system, corruption—such as oppression, disbelief, or moral decay—would render the earth uninhabitable.

6. **Allah’s Grace (وَلَكِنَّ اللَّهَ ذُو فَضْلٍ عَلَى الْعَالَمِينَ):**

   – Maududi highlights that Allah’s system of balance is a manifestation of His boundless grace, benefiting all creation. By preventing chaos, Allah ensures the earth remains a place where righteousness can thrive, reflecting His mercy to believers and non-believers alike.

   – This grace underscores Allah’s role as the sustainer of order and justice in the universe.

**Key Lessons:**

– **Faith Over Materialism**: The victory of David over Goliath teaches that faith and reliance on Allah outweigh worldly strength, encouraging Muslims to trust in divine support during trials.

– **Leadership Model**: David’s kingship and wisdom exemplify the need for leaders to combine authority with divine guidance and justice.

– **Divine Justice**: The principle of “repelling some by others” reflects Allah’s wisdom in maintaining global equilibrium, urging believers to actively resist oppression.

– **Universal Mercy**: Allah’s grace ensures the world remains viable for humanity, a reminder of His benevolence.

**Quote from Tafhim-ul-Qur’an (Paraphrased):**

> “The triumph of the believers, David’s rise to leadership, and Allah’s system of checking corruption through mutual opposition are all signs of divine wisdom and mercy. Without this balance, the earth would be overwhelmed by chaos, but Allah’s grace sustains order for the benefit of all creation.”

—

### Notes

– **Maududi’s Approach**: Tafhim-ul-Qur’an is known for its contextual and practical exegesis, addressing both historical narratives and their relevance to modern challenges. Maududi connects this verse to the Muslim ummah’s role in upholding justice and resisting tyranny.

– **Relevance**: The explanation encourages Muslims to draw lessons from David’s faith, seek just leadership, and recognize Allah’s wisdom in global dynamics, such as the rise and fall of nations.

If you need further details from Tafhim-ul-Qur’an, comparisons with other tafsirs (e.g., Tadabbur-e-Qur’an, which you previously requested), or additional sources, please let me know! I can also search X or web resources for recent discussions if desired

Islamic knowledge, Uncategorized

Allah checks one set of people by means of another 1

If Allah were not to repel some through others…. Divine wisdom in protecting places of worship

Translation of Qur’an 22:40

https://notebooklm.google.com/notebook/206e1243-42c9-41f6-a9f3-98cdad34a8d8/audio

“Those who were unjustly expelled from their homes for no other reason than their saying: ‘Allah is Our Lord.’ If Allah were not to repel some through others, monasteries and churches and synagogues and mosques wherein the name of Allah is much mentioned, would certainly have been pulled down. Allah will most certainly help those who will help Him. Verily Allah is Immensely Strong, Overwhelmingly Mighty.”

Tafsir (Exegesis) by Maududi

Context and Background

This verse was revealed in Madinah, marking the first divine permission for Muslims to engage in defensive warfare (jihad) after enduring severe persecution in Makkah. The early Muslims were expelled from their homes solely for their faith in Allah, and this verse justifies their right to resist oppression .

Key Themes and Explanation

  1. Persecution of Muslims
  • The verse highlights the injustice faced by the early Muslims, who were driven out of Makkah simply for declaring “Our Lord is Allah.” Examples include:
    • Suhaib al-Rumi, who was stripped of his wealth when migrating.
    • Abu Salmah, whose family was forcibly separated.
    • Ayyash bin Rabiah, who was tricked and imprisoned by his own kin .
  1. Divine Principle of Resistance
  • Allah decrees that if He did not empower some people to resist others, oppressive forces would destroy all places of worship—monasteries (Christian), churches, synagogues (Jewish), and mosques—where His name is revered. This underscores the universal protection of religious freedom through collective human effort .
  1. Conditions for Divine Help
  • Allah promises victory to those who “help His cause”, i.e., uphold justice, establish prayer (salah), pay alms (zakat), enjoin good, and forbid evil. This aligns with the broader Islamic mission of societal reform .
  1. Theological Significance
  • The verse introduces the concept of permissible warfare (jihad) in Islam, but strictly as a defensive measure against persecution. It refutes the notion that Islam spread by force, emphasizing instead the right to self-defense and the preservation of faith .

Additional Notes

  • Terminology:
  • Sawami‘ (monasteries), biya‘ (churches), salawat (synagogues), and masajid (mosques) are explicitly mentioned to show Islam’s respect for all divinely revealed religions .
  • Historical Impact: This verse laid the foundation for the first Muslim military expeditions, such as the Expedition of Waddan (Safar 2 AH) .

For further study, refer to Tafheem-ul-Qur’an or the full commentary at Englishtafsir.com .

Islamic knowledge

Plots, huge like mountains can’t stand

Plots, huge like mountains can’t stand before ALMIGHTY s plots

https://notebooklm.google.com/notebook/6fcdf108-14a7-457f-98b5-d13aca341890/audio

Below, I provide the translation and tafsir (exegesis) of Quran 14:46 (Surah Ibrahim) specifically from Tafheem-ul-Quran by Maulana Maududi, followed by translations and tafsirs from other scholars for comparison, as requested. I’ve included a range of perspectives, including Sunni and Shia scholars, to offer a comprehensive view. The response is concise yet detailed, drawing from reliable sources.

Arabic Text of Quran 14:46

وَقَدْ مَكَرُوا مَكْرَهُمْ وَعِندَ اللَّهِ مَكْرُهُمْ وَإِن كَانَ مَكْرُهُمْ لِتَزُولَ مِنْهُ الْجِبَالُ

Translation and Tafsir from Tafheem-ul-Quran (Maulana Abul Ala Maududi)

Translation (Tafheem-ul-Quran):

  • “They hatched their plots, but their plots are (known) to Allah, even though their plots were such as to make mountains move.”

Tafsir (Tafheem-ul-Quran):

  • Context: Maududi explains that this verse refers to the disbelievers, particularly the Quraysh, who devised elaborate schemes to oppose Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) and suppress Islam. These plots included attempts to discredit the Prophet, obstruct his mission, and harm him and his followers.
  • Interpretation: The phrase “their plots are (known) to Allah” underscores Allah’s complete knowledge and control over their schemes. Maududi interprets “to make mountains move” as a hyperbolic expression, emphasizing the magnitude and intensity of their plots. Despite their apparent strength, these efforts are futile against Allah’s divine plan. He highlights that the verse reassures believers of Allah’s protection and warns disbelievers of the consequences of their actions.
  • Key Point: Maududi emphasizes the contrast between human arrogance in plotting against Allah’s message and the divine omniscience that renders such plots ineffective. The verse serves as a reminder of Allah’s ultimate authority and justice.

Translations from Other Sources

  1. Yusuf Ali:
  • “Mighty indeed were the plots which they made, but their plots were (well) within the sight of Allah, even though they were such as to shake the hills!”
  1. Sahih International:
  • “And they had planned their plan, but with Allah is [recorded] their plan, even if their plan had been [sufficient] to do away with the mountains.”
  1. Pickthall:
  • “And they have plotted their plot, and their plot is with Allah, though their plot were one whereby the mountains should be moved.”
  1. Shakir:
  • “And they have indeed planned their plan, but their plan is with Allah, though their plan was such that the mountains should be moved thereby.”
  1. Muhammad Asad:
  • “And indeed they devised their plan, but their plan is known to God, even though their plan was such that it could shake mountains.”

Tafsir from Other Scholars

1. Tafsir Ibn Kathir (Sunni Scholar)

  • Context: Ibn Kathir connects this verse to the Quraysh’s opposition to the Prophet, including their plots to kill or exile him.
  • Interpretation: The phrase “their plot is with Allah” means Allah is fully aware of and controls their schemes. The “mountains moving” is a metaphor for the enormity of their plans, yet they are powerless before Allah. Ibn Kathir stresses that no human plot can succeed against divine will.
  • Key Point: The verse warns disbelievers of Allah’s knowledge and reassures believers of divine protection.

2. Tafsir Al-Tabari (Sunni Scholar)

  • Context: Al-Tabari views the verse as addressing the disbelievers’ efforts to thwart the Prophet’s mission.
  • Interpretation: “Their plot is with Allah” indicates Allah’s encompassing knowledge and authority. The reference to mountains signifies the strength of their schemes, but Al-Tabari emphasizes their futility. He cites early scholars to highlight divine retribution.
  • Key Point: Human schemes, however grand, are insignificant before Allah’s power.

5. Tafsir Jalalayn (Sunni, by Jalaluddin al-Mahalli and Jalaluddin as-Suyuti)

  • Context: A concise exegesis focusing on the Quraysh’s opposition.
  • Interpretation: “Their plot is with Allah” means Allah knows and controls their schemes. The “mountains moving” is an exaggeration of their plots’ strength, yet they fail against Allah’s will.
  • Key Point: The verse highlights Allah’s absolute authority.

Comparative Insights

  • Tafheem-ul-Quran vs. Others: Maududi’s interpretation aligns closely with Ibn Kathir and Al-Tabari in emphasizing Allah’s omniscience and the futility of disbelievers’ plots. His focus on the Quraysh’s historical context mirrors Sunni tafsirs, while his reassurance to believers echoes Shia themes in Al-Mizan and Noor al-Thaqalayn.
  • Common Themes: All tafsirs agree that Allah’s knowledge and power nullify human plots. The “mountains moving” is universally seen as a metaphor for the intensity of disbelievers’ schemes, which are ultimately ineffective.
  • Differences: Sunni tafsirs (e.g., Ibn Kathir, Jalalayn) focus on historical context (Quraysh), while Shia tafsirs (e.g., Al-Mizan) extend the meaning to broader themes of divine justice and the Ahl al-Bayt’s struggles.

Notes

  • Sources: The Tafheem-ul-Quran translation and tafsir are sourced from authentic publications (e.g., Islamic Publications). Other tafsirs are drawn from quran.com, al-islam.org, and scholarly references on myislam.org, with some insights from X posts discussing these scholars.
  • Limitations: Some tafsirs (e.g., Al-Alusi’s Ruh al-Ma’ani) were not included due to overlap with Maududi’s perspective and limited English accessibility. If you want a specific scholar’s tafsir or a deeper analysis, please specify.
  • Visual Option: If you’d like a chart comparing translations or key tafsir points, let me know, and I can generate one on a canvas panel.

If you need further details, a focus on a specific scholar, or additional resources, please let me know!

Islamic knowledge

Chapter 10/ Al Yunus

Summary of chapter 10, listen to audio summary , click the link

https://notebooklm.google.com/notebook/a6ad8f0f-16ee-41f0-932e-2ec06f4dfd8e/audio

Mesmerizing recitation of the chapter wit recitation:

https://surahquran.com/sorah-english-10.html

Below is a summary of Surah Yunus (Chapter 10) based on the Tafheem-ul-Quran by Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi. As per your request, I will rely solely on insights from Maududi’s tafsir, drawing from its interpretation and context as found in relevant sources, such as http://www.englishtafsir.com, while ensuring fidelity to his explanations.

Summary of Surah Yunus (Chapter 10) from Tafheem-ul-Quran

Surah Yunus (Jonah) is the tenth chapter of the Quran, consisting of 109 verses. It is a Meccan surah, revealed during the later years of the Prophet Muhammad’s mission in Makkah, a period marked by intense opposition from the Quraysh. Maududi emphasizes that the surah focuses on affirming the truth of the Quran, the Prophethood of Muhammad, and the core Islamic beliefs of monotheism (tawhid), prophethood, and the Hereafter. It addresses the doubts and objections of the disbelievers while consoling the Prophet and his followers, urging steadfastness in the face of rejection.

Key Themes and Context

  1. The Quran’s Divine Origin and Prophethood (Verses 1-20):
  • The surah opens with the letters Alif-Lam-Ra and describes the Quran as a book of wisdom, a divine revelation (10:1-2). Maududi notes that it challenges the Makkan disbelievers’ skepticism about a human (Muhammad) receiving revelation, emphasizing that prophethood is Allah’s choice.
  • The disbelievers’ demand for miracles is addressed (10:20). Maududi explains that the Quran itself is the greatest miracle, but the Quraysh’s stubbornness blinds them to its truth. Verses like 10:15-16 highlight their accusation that the Prophet fabricated the Quran, which he refutes by affirming his role as a messenger delivering Allah’s message.
  1. Monotheism and Allah’s Signs in Creation (Verses 3-10):
  • The surah presents Allah as the sole Creator, Sustainer, and Sovereign of the universe (10:3-4). Maududi underscores that these verses counter polytheism by highlighting Allah’s unique power in creating the heavens, earth, and natural phenomena like day and night.
  • The signs in creation (e.g., sun, moon, and alternation of seasons) are proofs of Allah’s oneness and mercy, urging humanity to reflect and submit (10:5-6). Maududi notes that these signs are universal, appealing to reason, yet the disbelievers remain heedless.
  1. Human Accountability and the Hereafter (Verses 11-30):
  • The surah contrasts the attitudes of those who seek instant gratification with those who prepare for the Hereafter (10:7-10). Maududi explains that believers find joy in Allah’s remembrance and will be rewarded with paradise, while disbelievers face punishment for their denial.
  • Verses 10:21-23 address humanity’s tendency to forget Allah’s favors during prosperity and only turn to Him in distress. Maududi highlights this as a critique of the Makkan elite’s ingratitude despite Allah’s blessings.
  1. Stories of Past Prophets, Especially Noah and Moses (Verses 71-93):
  • The surah recounts the stories of Prophet Noah (10:71-73) and Prophet Moses (10:74-93) to draw parallels with the Prophet Muhammad’s struggles. Maududi explains that these narratives serve to console the Prophet and his followers, showing that rejection and opposition are common to all prophets.
  • Noah’s people rejected him, leading to their destruction by the flood, while Moses faced Pharaoh’s defiance, culminating in the latter’s drowning. Maududi emphasizes that these stories illustrate the consequences of rejecting Allah’s messengers and the ultimate triumph of truth.
  1. The Disbelievers’ Obstinacy and the Prophet’s Role (Verses 31-70):
  • The disbelievers’ arguments are refuted through rhetorical questions about who provides sustenance, sight, and hearing (10:31-32). Maududi notes that these verses challenge the polytheists’ attribution of divine powers to idols, affirming Allah as the sole sustainer.
  • The Prophet is reassured not to grieve over the disbelievers’ rejection (10:65). Maududi interprets this as divine support for the Prophet, reminding him that his duty is to convey the message, not to force acceptance.
  1. Invitation to Faith and Warning of Consequences (Verses 94-109):
  • The surah invites reflection on the Quran’s truth, urging those in doubt to consult earlier scriptures (10:94). Maududi explains this as a call to the People of the Book (Jews and Christians) to recognize the continuity of Muhammad’s message with prior revelations.
  • The concluding verses warn of the inevitable Day of Judgment, where every soul will face its deeds (10:108-109). Maududi stresses that the Prophet is instructed to remain patient and steadfast, trusting in Allah’s plan despite opposition.

Historical and Theological Significance

  • Meccan Context: Maududi situates Surah Yunus in the late Meccan period, when the Prophet faced severe persecution. The surah strengthens the believers’ resolve by affirming the truth of their mission and warning the disbelievers of divine retribution, as seen in the fate of past nations.
  • Purpose of Stories: The narratives of Noah and Moses serve both as warnings to the Quraysh and encouragement for the Muslims. Maududi highlights that these stories underscore the universal pattern of prophethood: divine guidance, human rejection, and eventual divine justice.
  • Emphasis on Tawhid: The surah’s repeated calls to worship Allah alone counter the polytheistic practices of the Makkans. Maududi notes that the Quran’s rational arguments (e.g., signs in nature) are meant to awaken the conscience of the disbelievers.
  • Consolation for the Prophet: Maududi emphasizes that verses consoling the Prophet (e.g., 10:65, 10:109) reflect Allah’s mercy, assuring him that success lies in obedience to divine commands, not in immediate acceptance by his people.

Maududi’s Interpretive Insights

  • Maududi views Surah Yunus as a powerful defense of the Quran’s divine origin, addressing the Makkan disbelievers’ accusations of fabrication or sorcery. He stresses that the Quran’s inimitable style and universal message are proof of its truth.
  • The surah’s focus on past prophets serves to contextualize the Prophet Muhammad’s mission within a long line of divine guidance, reinforcing the continuity of monotheism.
  • Maududi interprets the surah’s warnings (e.g., 10:108) as both a call to repentance and a reminder of human accountability, urging individuals to choose faith before it’s too late.

Note on Sources

This summary is based on the Tafheem-ul-Quran’s exegesis by Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi, with insights drawn from its commentary as available on sources like http://www.englishtafsir.com. The summary reflects Maududi’s thematic and contextual analysis without incorporating external interpretations. For a detailed verse-by-verse explanation, refer to the full text of Tafheem-ul-Quran.

If you need a deeper analysis of specific verses or sections, please let me know!